महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-120, verse-87

किरीटमाली महता महायशाः शरासनेनास्य शराननीकजित् ।
हयप्रवेकोत्तमनागधूर्गतान्कुरुप्रवीरानिषुभिर्न्यपातयत् ॥८७॥

87. kirīṭamālī mahatā mahāyaśāḥ; śarāsanenāsya śarānanīkajit ,
hayapravekottamanāgadhūrgatā;nkurupravīrāniṣubhirnyapātayat.

87. kirīṭamālī mahatā mahāyaśāḥ
śarāsanena asya śarān anīkajit
hayapravekottamannāgadhūrgatān
kuruprāvīrān iṣubhiḥ nyapātayat

87. kirīṭamālī mahāyaśāḥ anīkajit
(Arjuna) mahatā śarāsanena asya
śarān iṣubhiḥ hayapravekottamannāgadhūrgatān
kuruprāvīrān nyapātayat

87. The greatly renowned Arjuna (kirīṭamālī), conqueror of armies (anīkajit), with his mighty bow, struck down the chief Kuru warriors—who were mounted on excellent horses and foremost elephants—by means of his arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• किरीटमाली (kirīṭamālī) - Arjuna (crowned with a diadem, wearing a garland)

• महता (mahatā) - great, mighty

• महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - highly renowned, greatly glorious

• शरासनेन (śarāsanena) - with a bow

• अस्य (asya) - his, of him

• शरान् (śarān) - arrows

• अनीकजित् (anīkajit) - conqueror of armies

• हयप्रवेकोत्तमन्नागधूर्गतान् (hayapravekottamannāgadhūrgatān) - who were mounted on excellent horses and foremost elephants

• कुरुप्रावीरान् (kuruprāvīrān) - the chief Kuru warriors

• इषुभिः (iṣubhiḥ) - with arrows

• न्यपातयत् (nyapātayat) - he caused to fall, struck down, felled

Words meanings and morphology

किरीटमाली (kirīṭamālī) - Arjuna (crowned with a diadem, wearing a garland)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kirīṭamālin

kirīṭamālin - wearing a diadem or crown; an epithet of Arjuna

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kirīṭa+mālin)

• kirīṭa – diadem, crown, crest
  noun (neuter)
• mālin – garlanded, wearing a garland
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'mālā' (garland) + 'in' suffix.

Note: Subject of 'nyapātayat'.

महता (mahatā) - great, mighty

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Note: Agrees with 'śarāsanena'.

महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - highly renowned, greatly glorious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāyaśas

mahāyaśas - greatly glorious, highly renowned, famous

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+yaśas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine form of 'mahat'. Used as a prefix meaning 'great'.
• yaśas – fame, glory, renown, honor
  noun (neuter)
  's'-stem noun.
  Root: yaś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kirīṭamālī'.

शरासनेन (śarāsanena) - with a bow

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śarāsana

śarāsana - bow (literally, "arrow-throwing instrument")

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+āsana)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'śṛ' (to break, crush) or 'śrā' (to injure).
  Root: śṛ (class 9)
• āsana – seat, sitting, throwing, discharging
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'as' (to throw).
  Root: as (class 4)

Note: Instrument for 'nyapātayat'.

अस्य (asya) - his, of him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, he, she, it

Genitive singular masculine form of the demonstrative pronoun 'idam'.

Note: Possessive, referring to 'śarān'.

शरान् (śarān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

From root 'śṛ' (to break, crush) or 'śrā' (to injure).

Root: śṛ (class 9)

Note: Direct object of 'nyapātayat' (he made *arrows* fall).

अनीकजित् (anīkajit) - conqueror of armies

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anīkajit

anīkajit - conqueror of armies, victorious in battle

Compound. From 'anīka' (army) + 'jit' (conquering, from root 'ji').

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (anīka+jit)

• anīka – army, host, military array, face
  noun (neuter)
• jit – conquering, victorious
  participle (masculine)
  agent noun suffix
  From root 'ji' (to conquer).
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kirīṭamālī'.

हयप्रवेकोत्तमन्नागधूर्गतान् (hayapravekottamannāgadhūrgatān) - who were mounted on excellent horses and foremost elephants

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of hayapravekottamannāgadhūrgata

hayapravekottamannāgadhūrgata - mounted on excellent horses and foremost elephants

A large descriptive compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (haya+praveka+uttama+nāga+dhūrgata)

• haya – horse
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'hi' (to send, propel).
  Root: hi (class 5)
• praveka – excellent, chief, best
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'pra-vic' (to distinguish, separate).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: vic (class 7)
• uttama – best, excellent, highest, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of 'ud' (up) or 'ut'.
• nāga – elephant, serpent, mountain
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'naga' (mountain) by addition of 'ā'.
• dhūrgata – mounted, riding, being in the front, yoked
  participle (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Compound: 'dhūr' (yoke, front) + 'gata' (gone, mounted). From root 'gam'.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kuruprāvīrān'.

कुरुप्रावीरान् (kuruprāvīrān) - the chief Kuru warriors

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kuruprāvīra

kuruprāvīra - a chief warrior of the Kurus, a Kuru hero

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+pravīra)

• kuru – Kuru (name of a dynasty/tribe)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pravīra – chief, excellent hero, brave warrior
  noun (masculine)
  From 'pra-vīra' (pre-eminent hero).
  Prefix: pra

Note: Direct object of 'nyapātayat'.

इषुभिः (iṣubhiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of iṣu

iṣu - arrow

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Instrument for 'nyapātayat'.

न्यपातयत् (nyapātayat) - he caused to fall, struck down, felled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active (causative), imperfect (laṅ) of ni-pat

causative imperfect

From 'ni-pat' (to fall down). 'ni-pātaya' is the causative stem (to cause to fall). 'a-ni-pātaya-t' is 3rd person singular imperfect active.

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)