महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-120, verse-22

स त्वं कर्ण मया सार्धं शूरैश्चान्यैर्महारथैः ।
युध्यस्व यत्नमास्थाय परं पार्थेन संयुगे ॥२२॥

22. sa tvaṁ karṇa mayā sārdhaṁ śūraiścānyairmahārathaiḥ ,
yudhyasva yatnamāsthāya paraṁ pārthena saṁyuge.

22. saḥ tvam karṇa mayā sārdham śūraiḥ ca anyaiḥ mahārathaiḥ
yudhyasva yatnam āsthāya param pārthena saṃyuge

22. karṇa saḥ tvam mayā ca anyaiḥ śūraiḥ mahārathaiḥ
sārdham yatnam āsthāya saṃyuge pārthena param yudhyasva

22. Therefore, O Karṇa, with me and other great charioteers, fight exerting great effort against Arjuna in this battle.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Therefore (introduces a command/exhortation) (that, he, therefore)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• कर्ण (karṇa) - O Karṇa

• मया (mayā) - by me, with me

• सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with, along with

• शूरैः (śūraiḥ) - by brave warriors, with brave warriors

• च (ca) - and

• अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others, with others

• महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - by great charioteers, with great charioteers

• युध्यस्व (yudhyasva) - you should fight

• यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, exertion

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - exerting (great effort) (having resorted to, taking, applying, exerting)

• परम् (param) - against (Arjuna), or as an intensifier 'greatly' (greatly, against, then, but)

• पार्थेन (pārthena) - against Arjuna (with Arjuna, against Arjuna)

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Therefore (introduces a command/exhortation) (that, he, therefore)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular or plural)

कर्ण (karṇa) - O Karṇa

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (name of a warrior), ear

मया (mayā) - by me, with me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with, along with

(indeclinable)

शूरैः (śūraiḥ) - by brave warriors, with brave warriors

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - a hero, a brave man

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others, with others

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another

महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - by great charioteers, with great charioteers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great charioteer, a great warrior

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

युध्यस्व (yudhyasva) - you should fight

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of yudh

Imperative Active

4th class root, Atmanepada conjugation for 2nd person singular imperative.

Root: yudh (class 4)

यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, exertion

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, endeavor

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - exerting (great effort) (having resorted to, taking, applying, exerting)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with prefix ā. Forms an absolutive with '-ya' suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

परम् (param) - against (Arjuna), or as an intensifier 'greatly' (greatly, against, then, but)

(indeclinable)

Used here adverbially or as a prepositional sense 'against' when followed by instrumental case.

Note: Here used as an adverb or pre-positional equivalent meaning 'against' or 'greatly' in combat contexts.

पार्थेन (pārthena) - against Arjuna (with Arjuna, against Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Arjuna)

Patronymic from Pṛthā (Kuntī).

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, combat, encounter

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sam+yuga)

• sam – together, completely
  indeclinable
• yuga – yoke, pair, age, period; here implying 'joining' or 'engagement'
  noun (neuter)
  Root: yuj (class 7)