महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-120, verse-10

ततो दुर्योधनो राजा राधेयं त्वरितोऽब्रवीत् ।
अर्जुनं वीक्ष्य संयान्तं जयद्रथरथं प्रति ॥१०॥

10. tato duryodhano rājā rādheyaṁ tvarito'bravīt ,
arjunaṁ vīkṣya saṁyāntaṁ jayadratharathaṁ prati.

10. tataḥ duryodhanaḥ rājā rādheyam tvaritaḥ abravīt
arjunam vīkṣya saṃyāntam jayadratharatham prati

10. tataḥ rājā duryodhanaḥ arjunam jayadratharatham
prati saṃyāntam vīkṣya tvaritaḥ rādheyam abravīt

10. Then King Duryodhana, having seen Arjuna swiftly advancing towards Jayadratha's chariot, quickly addressed Karna (rādheya).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - The eldest of the Kauravas, antagonist in the Mahābhārata. (Duryodhana (son of Dhritarashtra))

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• राधेयम् (rādheyam) - Karna, the great warrior and friend of Duryodhana. (Karna (son of Radhā))

• त्वरितः (tvaritaḥ) - hastened, quick, swift

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna, the Pāṇḍava warrior. (Arjuna)

• वीक्ष्य (vīkṣya) - having seen, having perceived

• संयान्तम् (saṁyāntam) - approaching, advancing, coming together

• जयद्रथरथम् (jayadratharatham) - Jayadratha's chariot

• प्रति (prati) - towards, against, concerning

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - The eldest of the Kauravas, antagonist in the Mahābhārata. (Duryodhana (son of Dhritarashtra))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name)

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Note: Qualifies Duryodhana.

राधेयम् (rādheyam) - Karna, the great warrior and friend of Duryodhana. (Karna (son of Radhā))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rādheya

rādheya - son of Radhā (Karna)

A patronymic for Karna.

Note: Object of abravīt.

त्वरितः (tvaritaḥ) - hastened, quick, swift

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvarita

tvarita - hastened, quick, swift, hurried

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √tvar.

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: It functions adverbially here, describing how Duryodhana spoke.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of brū

Aorist (imperative/past)

Imperfect Tense, 3rd Person, Singular, Active Voice.

Root: brū (class 2)

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna, the Pāṇḍava warrior. (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (proper name); white, silver

Note: Object of vīkṣya.

वीक्ष्य (vīkṣya) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √īkṣ with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

संयान्तम् (saṁyāntam) - approaching, advancing, coming together

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃyānt

saṁyānt - approaching, advancing, coming together

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √yā with prefix sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: yā (class 2)

जयद्रथरथम् (jayadratharatham) - Jayadratha's chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jayadratharatha

jayadratharatha - Jayadratha's chariot

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (jayadratha+ratha)

• jayadratha – Jayadratha (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of prati.

प्रति (prati) - towards, against, concerning

(indeclinable)