महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-120, verse-49

विस्फारयन्तश्चापानि विसृजन्तश्च सायकान् ।
सैन्धवं पर्यरक्षन्त शासनात्तनयस्य ते ॥४९॥

49. visphārayantaścāpāni visṛjantaśca sāyakān ,
saindhavaṁ paryarakṣanta śāsanāttanayasya te.

49. visphārayantaḥ ca cāpāni visṛjantaḥ ca sāyakān
saindhavam paryarakṣanta śāsanāt tanayasya te

49. te tanayasya śāsanāt cāpāni visphārayantaḥ ca
sāyakān visṛjantaḥ ca saindhavam paryarakṣanta

49. Stretching their bows and releasing arrows, they protected Jayadratha (saindhava) according to the command of your son.

Words meanings summery:

• विस्फारयन्तः (visphārayantaḥ) - stretching, expanding, drawing (a bow)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• चापानि (cāpāni) - bows

• विसृजन्तः (visṛjantaḥ) - releasing, discharging

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• सायकान् (sāyakān) - arrows, missiles

• सैन्धवम् (saindhavam) - Jayadratha, the king of Sindhu (belonging to Sindhu, an inhabitant of Sindhu)

• पर्यरक्षन्त (paryarakṣanta) - they protected, they guarded all around

• शासनात् (śāsanāt) - from command, from order, from rule

• तनयस्य (tanayasya) - of your son, Duryodhana (of the son)

• ते (te) - your (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) son (your (singular))

Words meanings and morphology

विस्फारयन्तः (visphārayantaḥ) - stretching, expanding, drawing (a bow)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of visphārayat

visphārayat - stretching, expanding, causing to burst; drawing (a bow)

Present Active Participle (causative)

Derived from the root 'sphur' (to throb, quiver) with prefix 'vi-', in causative form (-āy-), forming a present active participle. Declines like a noun/adjective.

Prefix: vi

Root: sphur (class 6)

Note: Refers to the warriors, implied subject.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

चापानि (cāpāni) - bows

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of cāpa

cāpa - bow, arc

Note: Object of 'visphārayantaḥ'.

विसृजन्तः (visṛjantaḥ) - releasing, discharging

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of visṛjat

visṛjat - releasing, letting go, discharging

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root 'sṛj' (to create, emit, release) with prefix 'vi-', forming a present active participle. Declines like a noun/adjective.

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Refers to the warriors, implied subject.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

सायकान् (sāyakān) - arrows, missiles

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sāyaka

sāyaka - arrow, missile, shooter

Derived from root 'si' (to bind) or 'sā' (to finish) with suffix '-aka'.

Note: Object of 'visṛjantaḥ'.

सैन्धवम् (saindhavam) - Jayadratha, the king of Sindhu (belonging to Sindhu, an inhabitant of Sindhu)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saindhava

saindhava - from the Sindhu country; Jayadratha

A patronymic or regional derivative from 'Sindhu'.

Note: Object of 'paryarakṣanta'.

पर्यरक्षन्त (paryarakṣanta) - they protected, they guarded all around

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of rakṣ

Imperfect 3rd person plural active, with prefix 'pari'.

Prefix: pari

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: The subject is implied (the warriors).

शासनात् (śāsanāt) - from command, from order, from rule

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of śāsana

śāsana - command, order, rule, instruction, administration

Derived from the root 'śās' (to command, instruct).

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Indicates the reason or source.

तनयस्य (tanayasya) - of your son, Duryodhana (of the son)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tanaya

tanaya - son, offspring, descendant

Derived from root 'tan' (to stretch, extend).

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Possessive for 'śāsanāt'.

ते (te) - your (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) son (your (singular))

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you (pronoun)

Pronominal stem for the second person singular.

Note: Refers to the narrator's listener (Dhṛtarāṣṭra).