महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-120, verse-16

दैवेनोपहतः पार्थो विपरीतश्च मानद ।
कार्याकार्यमजानन्वै प्रतिज्ञां कृतवान्रणे ॥१६॥

16. daivenopahataḥ pārtho viparītaśca mānada ,
kāryākāryamajānanvai pratijñāṁ kṛtavānraṇe.

16. daivena upahataḥ pārthaḥ viparītaḥ ca mānada
kāryākāryam ajānan vai pratijñām kṛtavān raṇe

16. mānada,
daivena upahataḥ ca viparītaḥ pārthaḥ,
kāryākāryam ajānan vai,
raṇe pratijñām kṛtavān

16. O giver of honor, Pārtha (Arjuna), struck by fate and bewildered, indeed made a vow in battle, not knowing what should and should not be done.

Words meanings summery:

• दैवेन (daivena) - by fate (by fate, by destiny, by divine will)

• उपहतः (upahataḥ) - struck (by fate) (struck, afflicted, overwhelmed, spoiled)

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pritha, Arjuna)

• विपरीतः (viparītaḥ) - bewildered, confused (reversed, opposite, bewildered, confused)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• मानद (mānada) - O giver of honor (giver of honor, bestower of respect)

• कार्याकार्यम् (kāryākāryam) - what should and should not be done (what should and should not be done, duty and non-duty)

• अजानन् (ajānan) - not knowing

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, verily, certainly)

• प्रतिज्ञाम् (pratijñām) - a vow (vow, promise, declaration)

• कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - he made (a vow) (he made, he did)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

Words meanings and morphology

दैवेन (daivena) - by fate (by fate, by destiny, by divine will)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - divine, relating to gods; fate, destiny

From deva (god)

उपहतः (upahataḥ) - struck (by fate) (struck, afflicted, overwhelmed, spoiled)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upahata

upahata - struck, damaged, afflicted, overpowered

Past Passive Participle

From upa-han (to strike, smite, afflict)

Prefix: upa

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with pārthaḥ.

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pritha, Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pritha (Kunti), Arjuna

Patronymic from Pṛthā (Kuntī).

Note: Subject of the sentence.

विपरीतः (viparītaḥ) - bewildered, confused (reversed, opposite, bewildered, confused)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viparīta

viparīta - reversed, contrary, adverse, bewildered, confused

Past Passive Participle

From vi-pari-i (to go in opposite direction, be reversed)

Prefixes: vi+pari

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with pārthaḥ.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

मानद (mānada) - O giver of honor (giver of honor, bestower of respect)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mānada

mānada - giving honor, bestowing respect, one who gives honor

From māna (honor) + da (giving, from root dā)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (māna+da)

• māna – honor, respect, pride
  noun (masculine)
  From root man- (to think)
  Root: man (class 4)
• da – giving, bestowing
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/suffix
  From root dā- (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

कार्याकार्यम् (kāryākāryam) - what should and should not be done (what should and should not be done, duty and non-duty)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kāryākārya

kāryākārya - what is to be done and what is not to be done, proper and improper action

Compound type : dvandva (kārya+akārya)

• kārya – to be done, duty, action
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  From root kṛ- (to do) with suffix -ya
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• akārya – not to be done, improper action
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  Negative 'a' + kārya
  Prefix: a
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of ajānan.

अजानन् (ajānan) - not knowing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ajānat

ajānat - not knowing, ignorant

Present Active Participle

From a-jñā (to not know)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jñā)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• jñā – to know, understand
  verb
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with pārthaḥ.

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, verily, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

प्रतिज्ञाम् (pratijñām) - a vow (vow, promise, declaration)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pratijñā

pratijñā - promise, vow, declaration, agreement

From prati-jñā (to know, promise)

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Object of kṛtavān.

कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - he made (a vow) (he made, he did)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtavat

kṛtavat - one who has done, having done, made

Past Active Participle

From root kṛ- (to do, make) with suffix -vat

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Acts as the main verb.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, conflict