महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-120, verse-72

प्रशस्यमानौ समरे सिद्धचारणवातिकैः ।
अयुध्येतां महाराज परस्परवधैषिणौ ॥७२॥

72. praśasyamānau samare siddhacāraṇavātikaiḥ ,
ayudhyetāṁ mahārāja parasparavadhaiṣiṇau.

72. praśasyamānau samare siddha cāraṇa vātikaiḥ
ayudhyetām mahārāja paraspara vadha eṣiṇau

72. mahārāja samare siddha cāraṇa vātikaiḥ
praśasyamānau paraspara vadha eṣiṇau ayudhyetām

72. O great king, being praised in battle by the Siddhas, Caraṇas, and Vātikas, those two fought, each intent on the other's destruction.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रशस्यमानौ (praśasyamānau) - being praised, being glorified

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

• सिद्ध (siddha) - perfected being, accomplished one

• चारण (cāraṇa) - celestial bard, wanderer

• वातिकैः (vātikaiḥ) - by Vātikas (a class of beings)

• अयुध्येताम् (ayudhyetām) - they fought

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

• परस्पर (paraspara) - mutual, each other's

• वध (vadha) - killing, destruction

• एषिणौ (eṣiṇau) - desiring, wishing for

Words meanings and morphology

प्रशस्यमानौ (praśasyamānau) - being praised, being glorified

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of praśasyamāna

praśasyamāna - being praised, commendable

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root śaṃs (to praise) with prefix pra-, passive stem śasyamāna, masculine nominative dual.

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject (Karna and Arjuna).

समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, combat, war

Root: sam-ṛ

सिद्ध (siddha) - perfected being, accomplished one

(noun)

masculine, singular of siddha

siddha - perfected, accomplished, a perfected being, demi-god

Past Passive Participle

From root sidh (to succeed, to accomplish).

Root: sidh (class 4)

Note: First part of 'siddhacāraṇavātikaiḥ'.

चारण (cāraṇa) - celestial bard, wanderer

(noun)

masculine, singular of cāraṇa

cāraṇa - wanderer, spy, celestial bard

From root car (to move, to wander).

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Second part of 'siddhacāraṇavātikaiḥ'.

वातिकैः (vātikaiḥ) - by Vātikas (a class of beings)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vātika

vātika - related to wind (vāta), a class of heavenly beings/demi-gods

Derived from vāta (wind).

Note: Instrumental agent of praise. The full compound is 'siddhacāraṇavātika'.

अयुध्येताम् (ayudhyetām) - they fought

(verb)

3rd person , dual, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of yudh

Imperfect tense, 3rd person dual, ātmanepada

Root yudh (class 4), imperfect, 3rd person dual, ātmanepada form.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject is the implied 'tau' (Karna and Arjuna).

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
  From mahat.
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra by Sañjaya.

परस्पर (paraspara) - mutual, each other's

(adjective)

of paraspara

paraspara - mutual, reciprocal, one another

Note: First part of 'parasparavadhaiṣiṇau'.

वध (vadha) - killing, destruction

(noun)

masculine, singular of vadha

vadha - killing, slaying, destruction

From root vadh (to strike, to kill).

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Middle part of 'parasparavadhaiṣiṇau'.

एषिणौ (eṣiṇau) - desiring, wishing for

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of eṣin

eṣin - desiring, wishing, seeking

Agent noun suffix

Derived from root iṣ (to wish, to desire) with suffix -in.

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject (Karna and Arjuna). The full compound is 'parasparavadhaeṣin'.