महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-2, verse-93

एतत्ते कथितं पुत्र मयाख्यानमनुत्तमम् ।
यथा हि विजितो मृत्युर्गृहस्थेन पुराभवत् ॥९३॥

93. etatte kathitaṁ putra mayākhyānamanuttamam ,
yathā hi vijito mṛtyurgṛhasthena purābhavat.

93. etat te kathitam putra mayā ākhyānam anuttamam
yathā hi vijitaḥ mṛtyuḥ gṛhasthena purā abhavat

93. putra etat te mayā anuttamam ākhyānam kathitam
yathā hi mṛtyuḥ gṛhasthena purā vijitaḥ abhavat

93. O son, I have narrated to you this excellent story, detailing how death was overcome by a householder in ancient times.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this narrative (this, this one)

• ते (te) - to you (the listener) (to you, your)

• कथितम् (kathitam) - has been narrated (narrated, told)

• पुत्र (putra) - O son (vocative address) (son, child)

• मया (mayā) - by me (the narrator) (by me)

• आख्यानम् (ākhyānam) - the story being told (narrative, story, tale)

• अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - an excellent story (unsurpassed, excellent, best)

• यथा (yathā) - how (death was conquered) (as, just as, how)

• हि (hi) - indeed (emphasizing the truth of the statement) (indeed, for, because)

• विजितः (vijitaḥ) - was overcome (referring to death) (conquered, overcome, defeated)

• मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death itself (death)

• गृहस्थेन (gṛhasthena) - by a householder (who exemplified specific virtues) (by a householder)

• पुरा (purā) - in ancient times (formerly, in the past, anciently)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - came to be, happened (was, happened, occurred)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this narrative (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etas

etas - this, this one

ते (te) - to you (the listener) (to you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (plural or respectful singular)

Note: Also used as genitive; here dative for 'to you'

कथितम् (kathitam) - has been narrated (narrated, told)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kathita

kathita - narrated, told

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kath (to tell, to speak) with suffix -ta

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Agrees with ākhyānam

पुत्र (putra) - O son (vocative address) (son, child)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

मया (mayā) - by me (the narrator) (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Agent in passive construction

आख्यानम् (ākhyānam) - the story being told (narrative, story, tale)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ākhyāna

ākhyāna - narrative, story, tale

Derived from ā-khyā (to tell)

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Subject of the passive verb kathitam

अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - an excellent story (unsurpassed, excellent, best)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anuttama

anuttama - unsurpassed, excellent, best

Compound of 'an' (not) and 'uttama' (best)

Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+uttama)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
• uttama – best, highest, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of 'ud' or 'ut'

Note: Agrees with ākhyānam

यथा (yathā) - how (death was conquered) (as, just as, how)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed (emphasizing the truth of the statement) (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

विजितः (vijitaḥ) - was overcome (referring to death) (conquered, overcome, defeated)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vijita

vijita - conquered, overcome, subdued

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vi-ji (to conquer) with suffix -ta

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Agrees with mṛtyuḥ

मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death itself (death)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death, mortality, Yama (god of death)

Derived from root mṛ (to die)

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Subject of the passive verb vijitaḥ abhavat

गृहस्थेन (gṛhasthena) - by a householder (who exemplified specific virtues) (by a householder)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of gṛhastha

gṛhastha - householder, one who dwells in a house, a stage of life (āśrama)

Compound of gṛha (house) and stha (standing, dwelling)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (gṛha+stha)

• gṛha – house, home, abode
  noun (masculine)
• stha – standing, dwelling, being in
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agent in passive construction with vijitaḥ

पुरा (purā) - in ancient times (formerly, in the past, anciently)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time

अभवत् (abhavat) - came to be, happened (was, happened, occurred)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect

Third person singular Imperfect Active Parasmaipada of root bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)