महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-2, verse-45

निष्क्रान्ते मयि कल्याणि तथा संनिहितेऽनघे ।
नातिथिस्तेऽवमन्तव्यः प्रमाणं यद्यहं तव ॥४५॥

45. niṣkrānte mayi kalyāṇi tathā saṁnihite'naghe ,
nātithiste'vamantavyaḥ pramāṇaṁ yadyahaṁ tava.

45. niṣkrānte mayi kalyāṇi tathā saṃnihite anaghe na
atithiḥ te avamantavyaḥ pramāṇam yadi aham tava

45. yadi aham tava pramāṇam kalyāṇi anaghe mayi
niṣkrānte tathā saṃnihite te atithiḥ na avamantavyaḥ

45. If I am an authority for you, then whether I am departed or present, O auspicious and sinless one, a guest should never be disrespected by you.

Words meanings summery:

• निष्क्रान्ते (niṣkrānte) - when I am departed (having gone out, departed)

• मयि (mayi) - when I am in a state of having departed/being present (in me, on me, regarding me)

• कल्याणि (kalyāṇi) - O auspicious one, O beautiful one, O virtuous one

• तथा (tathā) - and (connects two states) (thus, so, in the same way, and)

• संनिहिते (saṁnihite) - when I am present (present, near, placed together)

• अनघे (anaghe) - O sinless one, O faultless one

• न (na) - not, no

• अतिथिः (atithiḥ) - guest, stranger

• ते (te) - by you (agent for the gerundive) (by you, to you, your)

• अवमन्तव्यः (avamantavyaḥ) - to be disrespected, to be despised

• प्रमाणम् (pramāṇam) - a source of authority, a standard (authority, measure, proof, standard)

• यदि (yadi) - if, whether

• अहम् (aham) - I

• तव (tava) - your (authority) (your, by you)

Words meanings and morphology

निष्क्रान्ते (niṣkrānte) - when I am departed (having gone out, departed)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of niṣkrānta

niṣkrānta - gone out, departed, gone forth, removed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from niṣ-√kram (to go out).

Prefix: nis

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `mayi`.

मयि (mayi) - when I am in a state of having departed/being present (in me, on me, regarding me)

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Expresses 'when I am in a state of having departed'.

कल्याणि (kalyāṇi) - O auspicious one, O beautiful one, O virtuous one

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of kalyāṇī

kalyāṇī - auspicious, beautiful, virtuous, excellent woman

Feminine form of `kalyāṇa`.

Note: Addressed to the interlocutor.

तथा (tathā) - and (connects two states) (thus, so, in the same way, and)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two states: 'departed' and 'present'.

संनिहिते (saṁnihite) - when I am present (present, near, placed together)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃnihita

saṁnihita - placed near, present, placed together, ready

Past Passive Participle

Derived from sam-ni-√dhā (to place near, present).

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with `mayi` (understood here).

अनघे (anaghe) - O sinless one, O faultless one

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of anaghā

anaghā - sinless, faultless, pure

Feminine form of `anagha`.

Note: Addressed to the interlocutor, similar to `kalyāṇi`.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates `avamantavyaḥ`.

अतिथिः (atithiḥ) - guest, stranger

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atithi

atithi - guest, stranger, one who comes without a fixed date

Note: Subject of the implied sentence.

ते (te) - by you (agent for the gerundive) (by you, to you, your)

(pronoun)

singular of tvam

tvam - you

Note: Used as dative of agent with gerundive, meaning "by you".

अवमन्तव्यः (avamantavyaḥ) - to be disrespected, to be despised

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avamantavya

avamantavya - to be disrespected, to be despised, to be neglected

Gerundive (Pot. Pass. Part.)

Derived from ava-√man (to disrespect).

Prefix: ava

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Predicate adjective.

प्रमाणम् (pramāṇam) - a source of authority, a standard (authority, measure, proof, standard)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pramāṇa

pramāṇa - authority, measure, proof, standard, true knowledge

Derived from pra-√mā (to measure, establish).

Prefix: pra

Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative for `aham`.

यदि (yadi) - if, whether

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Subject of the conditional clause.

तव (tava) - your (authority) (your, by you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvam

tvam - you

Note: Possessive, 'your authority'.