महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-2, verse-77

स्वरेण विप्रः शैक्षेण त्रीँल्लोकाननुनादयन् ।
उवाच चैनं धर्मज्ञं पूर्वमामन्त्र्य नामतः ॥७७॥

77. svareṇa vipraḥ śaikṣeṇa trīँllokānanunādayan ,
uvāca cainaṁ dharmajñaṁ pūrvamāmantrya nāmataḥ.

77. svareṇa vipraḥ śaikṣeṇa trīn lokān anunādayan
uvāca ca enam dharmajñam pūrvam āmantrya nāmataḥ

77. The learned brahmin, making the three worlds resound with his voice, first addressed that knower of natural law (dharma) by name, and then spoke to him.

Words meanings summery:

• स्वरेण (svareṇa) - by voice, with sound

• विप्रः (vipraḥ) - brahmin, learned person, inspired

• शैक्षेण (śaikṣeṇa) - by sacred study, by learning, learned, well-trained

• त्रीन् (trīn) - three

• लोकान् (lokān) - the three traditional cosmic realms (worlds, realms, people)

• अनुनादयन् (anunādayan) - making resound, reverberating, causing to echo

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• च (ca) - and, also

• एनम् (enam) - Refers to the person being addressed by the brahmin. (him, this one)

• धर्मज्ञम् (dharmajñam) - knowing dharma, righteous, knowledgeable in law

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - first, beforehand (before, formerly, first, eastward)

• आमन्त्र्य (āmantrya) - having addressed, having invited

• नामतः (nāmataḥ) - by name, by means of a name

Words meanings and morphology

स्वरेण (svareṇa) - by voice, with sound

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of svara

svara - voice, sound, tone, accent, vowel

Root: svṛ (class 1)

विप्रः (vipraḥ) - brahmin, learned person, inspired

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - brahmin, inspired, wise, priest

From root `vip` (to tremble, inspire) + `ra` suffix.

Root: vip

शैक्षेण (śaikṣeṇa) - by sacred study, by learning, learned, well-trained

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śaikṣa

śaikṣa - relating to `śikṣā` (instruction, study, learning), learned, well-trained

Derived from `śikṣā` (instruction, learning).

Root: śikṣ (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying `vipraḥ`.

त्रीन् (trīn) - three

(numeral)

लोकान् (lokān) - the three traditional cosmic realms (worlds, realms, people)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, space, people, community

From root `lok` (to see).

Root: lok (class 1)

अनुनादयन् (anunādayan) - making resound, reverberating, causing to echo

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anunādayat

anunādayat - making resound, causing to echo

Present Active Participle

From `anu-` + root `nad` (to sound) in causative (`nādayati`).

Prefix: anu

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Modifies `vipraḥ`.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Reduplicated perfect.

Root: vac (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - Refers to the person being addressed by the brahmin. (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, him, her

धर्मज्ञम् (dharmajñam) - knowing dharma, righteous, knowledgeable in law

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knowing dharma, righteous, wise in law, knowing what is right

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, constitution, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knowing, acquainted with, wise
  adjective (masculine)
  From root `jñā` (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Modifies `enam`.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - first, beforehand (before, formerly, first, eastward)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage.

आमन्त्र्य (āmantrya) - having addressed, having invited

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From `ā-` + root `mantr` (to advise, summon). Formed with suffix `-ya` after a preverb.

Prefix: ā

Root: mantr (class 10)

नामतः (nāmataḥ) - by name, by means of a name

(indeclinable)

Formed with suffix `-tas` from `nāman`.