महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-2, verse-3

केन मृत्युर्गृहस्थेन धर्ममाश्रित्य निर्जितः ।
इत्येतत्सर्वमाचक्ष्व तत्त्वेन मम पार्थिव ॥३॥

3. kena mṛtyurgṛhasthena dharmamāśritya nirjitaḥ ,
ityetatsarvamācakṣva tattvena mama pārthiva.

3. kena mṛtyuḥ gṛhasthena dharmam āśritya nirjitaḥ
iti etat sarvam ācakṣva tattvena mama pārthiva

3. "By what householder was death conquered by resorting to natural law (dharma)? O Ruler, please explain all of this to me truthfully."

Words meanings summery:

• केन (kena) - By what (householder). (by whom, by what)

• मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - The entity of 'death' that was conquered. (death, Yama (god of death))

• गृहस्थेन (gṛhasthena) - By an individual living a householder's life. (by a householder, by one abiding in a house)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - The principle of natural law (dharma) as a means or support. (natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue)

• आश्रित्य (āśritya) - By taking refuge in or relying upon natural law (dharma). (having resorted to, depending on, taking refuge in)

• निर्जितः (nirjitaḥ) - Conquered or defeated (death). (conquered, overcome, vanquished)

• इति (iti) - Marks the end of the question or specific inquiry. (thus, so, in this way; a particle marking direct speech or quotation)

• एतत् (etat) - Refers to the whole preceding question/matter. (this, this one)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - All of it (the preceding matter). (all, every, whole)

• आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - Please tell or explain (to me). (tell, explain, relate)

• तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - Truthfully or in its essence. (truly, in reality, essentially, according to the truth)

• मम (mama) - To me (the speaker). (to me, for me, my)

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - Addressing Bhishma as a king or ruler. (O King, O ruler, O earthly one)

Words meanings and morphology

केन (kena) - By what (householder). (by whom, by what)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun.

मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - The entity of 'death' that was conquered. (death, Yama (god of death))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death, mortality; Yama, the god of death

From root mṛ (to die).

Root: mṛ (class 1)

गृहस्थेन (gṛhasthena) - By an individual living a householder's life. (by a householder, by one abiding in a house)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of gṛhastha

gṛhastha - householder, one who lives in a house; the second stage of life (āśrama)

From gṛha (house) + stha (standing, abiding).

Compound type : tatpurusha (gṛha+stha)

• gṛha – house, home, dwelling
  noun (neuter)
  Root: gṛh
• stha – standing, staying, abiding
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā.
  Root: sthā (class 1)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - The principle of natural law (dharma) as a means or support. (natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, religious ordinance

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of the gerund āśritya.

आश्रित्य (āśritya) - By taking refuge in or relying upon natural law (dharma). (having resorted to, depending on, taking refuge in)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root śri with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: śri (class 1)

निर्जितः (nirjitaḥ) - Conquered or defeated (death). (conquered, overcome, vanquished)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirjita

nirjita - conquered, overcome, defeated

Past Passive Participle

From root ji with prefix nir.

Prefix: nir

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Agreement with mṛtyuḥ.

इति (iti) - Marks the end of the question or specific inquiry. (thus, so, in this way; a particle marking direct speech or quotation)

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - Refers to the whole preceding question/matter. (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of ācakṣva.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - All of it (the preceding matter). (all, every, whole)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Agreement with etat.

आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - Please tell or explain (to me). (tell, explain, relate)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of cakṣ

Imperative Active

From root cakṣ with prefix ā. 2nd person singular imperative.

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - Truthfully or in its essence. (truly, in reality, essentially, according to the truth)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tattva

tattva - truth, reality, essence, principle

From tat (that) + tva (suffix for abstract noun).

मम (mama) - To me (the speaker). (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - Addressing Bhishma as a king or ruler. (O King, O ruler, O earthly one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, relating to the earth; king, ruler, prince

From pṛthivī (earth).