महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-139, verse-81

श्वपच उवाच ।
नैवोत्सहे भवते दातुमेतां नोपेक्षितुं ह्रियमाणं स्वमन्नम् ।
उभौ स्यावः स्वमलेनावलिप्तौ दाताहं च त्वं च विप्र प्रतीच्छन् ॥८१॥

81. śvapaca uvāca ,
naivotsahe bhavate dātumetāṁ; nopekṣituṁ hriyamāṇaṁ svamannam ,
ubhau syāvaḥ svamalenāvaliptau; dātāhaṁ ca tvaṁ ca vipra pratīcchan.

81. śvapacaḥ uvāca na eva utsahe bhavate
dātum etām na upekṣitum hriyamāṇam svam
annam ubhau syāvaḥ svamalena avaliptau
dātā aham ca tvam ca vipra pratīcchan

81. śvapacaḥ uvāca: (aham) bhavate etām dātum na eva utsahe,
(na) hriyamāṇam svam annam upekṣitum.
he vipra,
aham dātā ca,
tvam pratīcchan ca,
ubhau svamalena avaliptau syāvaḥ.

81. The dog-eater said: "I am absolutely unable to give this (bitch) to you, nor can I simply neglect my own food as it is being taken away. Both of us, O Brahmin, would be stained by our own impurity: I as the giver, and you as the receiver."

Words meanings summery:

• श्वपचः (śvapacaḥ) - dog-eater, outcaste

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• न (na) - not, no

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• उत्सहे (utsahe) - I am able, I dare

• भवते (bhavate) - to you (hon.)

• दातुम् (dātum) - to give

• एताम् (etām) - this (feminine accusative)

• न (na) - not, no

• उपेक्षितुम् (upekṣitum) - to neglect, to disregard, to abandon

• ह्रियमाणम् (hriyamāṇam) - being carried away, being taken

• स्वम् (svam) - own, one's own

• अन्नम् (annam) - food, sustenance

• उभौ (ubhau) - both (masculine nominative dual)

• स्यावः (syāvaḥ) - we two would be

• स्वमलेन (svamalena) - by one's own impurity/defilement

• अवलिप्तौ (avaliptau) - smeared, defiled, polluted

• दाता (dātā) - the giver

• अहम् (aham) - I

• च (ca) - and

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• च (ca) - and

• विप्र (vipra) - O Brahmin

• प्रतीच्छन् (pratīcchan) - receiving, accepting

Words meanings and morphology

श्वपचः (śvapacaḥ) - dog-eater, outcaste

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śvapaca

śvapaca - dog-eater, an outcaste

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative

3rd person singular, Class 2 verb (adādi)

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

उत्सहे (utsahe) - I am able, I dare

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of sah

Present Middle Indicative

1st person singular, Class 1 verb (bhvādi), with prefix ut

Prefix: ut

Root: sah (class 1)

भवते (bhavate) - to you (hon.)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your worship, your honor (honorific 'you')

Honorific 2nd person pronoun, 'you'

दातुम् (dātum) - to give

(indeclinable)

infinitive

to-infinitive from root dā

Root: dā (class 3)

एताम् (etām) - this (feminine accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Refers to the bitch (śvānīm).

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

उपेक्षितुम् (upekṣitum) - to neglect, to disregard, to abandon

(indeclinable)

infinitive

to-infinitive from root īkṣ with prefix upa

Prefix: upa

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

ह्रियमाणम् (hriyamāṇam) - being carried away, being taken

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hṛ

hṛ - to carry, to take, to seize

Present Passive Participle

accusative singular neuter, from root hṛ

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'annam'.

स्वम् (svam) - own, one's own

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sva

sva - own, one's own, property

Note: Qualifies 'annam'.

अन्नम् (annam) - food, sustenance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, rice, sustenance

past passive participle of √ad (to eat) used as a noun

Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Object of 'upekṣitum'.

उभौ (ubhau) - both (masculine nominative dual)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Note: Refers to 'I' and 'you'.

स्यावः (syāvaḥ) - we two would be

(verb)

1st person , dual, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative Active Indicative

1st person dual, Class 2 verb (adādi)

Root: as (class 2)

स्वमलेन (svamalena) - by one's own impurity/defilement

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of svamala

svamala - one's own impurity, defilement, dirt

Compound of sva (own) and mala (impurity)

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+mala)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun (masculine)
• mala – dirt, impurity, defilement
  noun (masculine)

अवलिप्तौ (avaliptau) - smeared, defiled, polluted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of avalipta

avalipta - smeared, defiled, polluted, stained

Past Passive Participle

from root lip with prefix ava

Prefix: ava

Root: lip (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'ubhau'.

दाता (dātā) - the giver

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dātṛ

dātṛ - giver, donor, bestower

agent noun from √dā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Refers to the dog-eater.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuşmad

yuşmad - you

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विप्र (vipra) - O Brahmin

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, inspired, wise

प्रतीच्छन् (pratīcchan) - receiving, accepting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratīcchat

pratīcchat - receiving, accepting

Present Active Participle

masculine singular nominative, from root iṣ (to wish, desire) or i (to go) with prati. Derived from prati + ā + √iṣ, or prati + √ī. Here, accepting seems more appropriate.

Prefix: prati

Root: ī (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'tvam'.