महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-139, verse-70

श्वपच उवाच ।
असता यत्समाचीर्णं न स धर्मः सनातनः ।
नावृत्तमनुकार्यं वै मा छलेनानृतं कृथाः ॥७०॥

70. śvapaca uvāca ,
asatā yatsamācīrṇaṁ na sa dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ ,
nāvṛttamanukāryaṁ vai mā chalenānṛtaṁ kṛthāḥ.

70. śvapacaḥ uvāca | asatā yat samācīrṇam na sa dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ
| na avṛttam anukāryam vai | mā chalena anṛtam kṛthāḥ

70. śvapacaḥ uvāca asatā yat samācīrṇam sa sanātanaḥ dharmaḥ
na vai avṛttam na anukāryam chalena anṛtam mā kṛthāḥ

70. The dog-eater said: "That which is performed by the unrighteous is not eternal natural law (dharma). Improper conduct should certainly not be imitated. Do not commit a falsehood (anṛtam) through deceit (chala)."

Words meanings summery:

• श्वपचः (śvapacaḥ) - dog-eater, outcaste

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• असता (asatā) - by the unrighteous, by the wicked

• यत् (yat) - what, which

• समाचीर्णम् (samācīrṇam) - practiced, performed, observed

• न (na) - not, no

• स (sa) - that, he

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma), righteousness

• सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal, perpetual, ancient

• न (na) - not, no

• अवृत्तम् (avṛttam) - improper conduct, wrong behavior

• अनुकार्यम् (anukāryam) - to be imitated, to be followed

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive particle)

• छलेन (chalena) - by deceit, by trickery

• अनृतम् (anṛtam) - falsehood, untruth

• कृथाः (kṛthāḥ) - do not commit (with mā) (you should do, you should make)

Words meanings and morphology

श्वपचः (śvapacaḥ) - dog-eater, outcaste

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śvapaca

śvapaca - dog-eater, outcast, caṇḍāla

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of uvāca

perfect (liṭ)

root vac, perfect 3rd singular active

Root: vac (class 2)

असता (asatā) - by the unrighteous, by the wicked

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of asat

asat - not being, non-existent, bad, wicked, unrighteous

यत् (yat) - what, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what (relative pronoun)

समाचीर्णम् (samācīrṇam) - practiced, performed, observed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samācīrṇa

samācīrṇa - practiced, performed, observed, accustomed

Past Passive Participle

derived from root car (to move, to practice) with prefixes sam- and ā-

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: car (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

स (sa) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma), righteousness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution, religious or moral merit

सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal, perpetual, ancient

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, perpetual, ancient, primeval

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अवृत्तम् (avṛttam) - improper conduct, wrong behavior

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of avṛtta

avṛtta - improper conduct, bad behavior, what is not done

Compound type : nah-tatpuruṣa (a+vṛtta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• vṛtta – conduct, behavior, course of action
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (used as noun)
  derived from root vṛt (to be, to exist, to proceed)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

अनुकार्यम् (anukāryam) - to be imitated, to be followed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anukārya

anukārya - to be imitated, to be followed, to be done in imitation

Gerundive

derived from root kṛ (to do) with prefix anu-

Prefix: anu

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive particle)

(indeclinable)

छलेन (chalena) - by deceit, by trickery

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of chala

chala - deceit, trick, fraud, pretext, delusion

अनृतम् (anṛtam) - falsehood, untruth

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anṛta

anṛta - untruth, falsehood, lie, not right

Compound type : nah-tatpuruṣa (a+ṛta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• ṛta – truth, cosmic order, right
  noun (neuter)

कृथाः (kṛthāḥ) - do not commit (with mā) (you should do, you should make)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, aorist injunctive (luṅ) of kṛ

aorist (luṅ) injunctive

root kṛ, aorist injunctive 2nd singular middle

Root: kṛ (class 8)