महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-139, verse-11

तस्मिंस्त्वभ्यागते काले प्रजानां दोषकारके ।
विज्ञानबलमास्थाय जीवितव्यं तदा भवेत् ॥११॥

11. tasmiṁstvabhyāgate kāle prajānāṁ doṣakārake ,
vijñānabalamāsthāya jīvitavyaṁ tadā bhavet.

11. tasmin tu abhyāgate kāle prajānām doṣakārake
vijñānabalam āsthāya jīvitavyam tadā bhavet

11. tasmin kāle prajānām doṣakārake abhyāgate tu
tadā vijñānabalam āsthāya jīvitavyam bhavet

11. When that time arrives, which brings harm to the people, one should then sustain life by relying on the power of spiritual wisdom.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (future difficult) time (in that, on that, at that time)

• तु (tu) - indeed, then (emphasizing the consequence) (but, on the other hand, indeed, then)

• अभ्यागते (abhyāgate) - when it has arrived (having arrived, approached, come)

• काले (kāle) - in that (specified difficult) time (in time, at the proper time)

• प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of the people (of creatures, of people, of subjects)

• दोषकारके (doṣakārake) - causing harm (to the people) (causing harm, causing fault, faulty)

• विज्ञानबलम् (vijñānabalam) - the power of spiritual wisdom (strength of knowledge, power of spiritual wisdom)

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having relied upon (the power of spiritual wisdom) (having resorted to, having relied upon, having taken refuge in)

• जीवितव्यम् (jīvitavyam) - life (which should be sustained) (that which should be lived, life (as something to be sustained))

• तदा (tadā) - then (referring to the consequence of the difficult time) (then, at that time)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - should be (sustained) (should be, may be, would be)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (future difficult) time (in that, on that, at that time)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Note: Agrees with kāle

तु (tu) - indeed, then (emphasizing the consequence) (but, on the other hand, indeed, then)

(indeclinable)

अभ्यागते (abhyāgate) - when it has arrived (having arrived, approached, come)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of abhyāgata

abhyāgata - arrived, come, approached

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam (to go) with prefixes abhi and ā

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

काले (kāle) - in that (specified difficult) time (in time, at the proper time)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, period

प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of the people (of creatures, of people, of subjects)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - offspring, people, subjects, creatures

दोषकारके (doṣakārake) - causing harm (to the people) (causing harm, causing fault, faulty)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of doṣakāraka

doṣakāraka - causing harm, causing fault, an offender

Compound of doṣa (fault) and kāraka (doer/causer)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (doṣa+kāraka)

• doṣa – fault, defect, harm, sin
  noun (masculine)
• kāraka – doer, maker, causer
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

विज्ञानबलम् (vijñānabalam) - the power of spiritual wisdom (strength of knowledge, power of spiritual wisdom)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vijñānabala

vijñānabala - strength of knowledge, power of spiritual wisdom

Compound of vijñāna (knowledge) and bala (strength)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vijñāna+bala)

• vijñāna – knowledge, spiritual wisdom, discernment
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root jñā (to know) with prefix vi
  Prefix: vi
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of āsthāya (implicitly, as it's a 'resorting to')

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having relied upon (the power of spiritual wisdom) (having resorted to, having relied upon, having taken refuge in)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

जीवितव्यम् (jīvitavyam) - life (which should be sustained) (that which should be lived, life (as something to be sustained))

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jīvitavya

jīvitavya - that which should be lived, livable

Gerundive (Passive Future Participle)

Derived from root jīv (to live) with suffix -tavya

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Acts as a noun here, 'the living' or 'life'.

तदा (tadā) - then (referring to the consequence of the difficult time) (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

भवेत् (bhavet) - should be (sustained) (should be, may be, would be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)