महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-139, verse-14

प्रजानामभिवृद्धानां युगान्ते पर्युपस्थिते ।
त्रेतानिर्मोक्षसमये द्वापरप्रतिपादने ॥१४॥

14. prajānāmabhivṛddhānāṁ yugānte paryupasthite ,
tretānirmokṣasamaye dvāparapratipādane.

14. prajānām abhivṛddhānām yugānte paryupasthite
tretānirmokṣasamaye dvāparapratipādane

14. prajānām abhivṛddhānām yugānte paryupasthite
tretānirmokṣasamaye dvāparapratipādane

14. This occurred when the end of an age (yugānta) had approached, when the population had greatly increased, at the time of the Tretā age's (yuga) cessation and the Dvāpara age's (yuga) commencement.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of the greatly increased people (of the people, of creatures)

• अभिवृद्धानाम् (abhivṛddhānām) - of the greatly increased (people) (of the grown, of the increased, of the prosperous)

• युगान्ते (yugānte) - at the end of a world-age (yugānta) (at the end of an age/yuga)

• पर्युपस्थिते (paryupasthite) - when it had approached (referring to the end of the age) (having approached, being near, present)

• त्रेतानिर्मोक्षसमये (tretānirmokṣasamaye) - at the time of the Tretā age's (yuga) cessation (at the time of the Tretā age's liberation/release/end)

• द्वापरप्रतिपादने (dvāparapratipādane) - at the Dvāpara age's (yuga) commencement (at the establishment/commencement of the Dvāpara age)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of the greatly increased people (of the people, of creatures)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - offspring, people, subjects, creatures

Note: Qualifies abhivṛddhānām (of the increased ones of the people).

अभिवृद्धानाम् (abhivṛddhānām) - of the greatly increased (people) (of the grown, of the increased, of the prosperous)

(adjective)

Genitive, feminine, plural of abhivṛddha

abhivṛddha - grown, increased, prosperous, developed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛdh (to grow) with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Refers to the population becoming too numerous.

युगान्ते (yugānte) - at the end of a world-age (yugānta) (at the end of an age/yuga)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yugānta

yugānta - end of a yuga or world-age

Compound of yuga (age) and anta (end)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yuga+anta)

• yuga – age, era, yoke
  noun (masculine)
• anta – end, boundary, death
  noun (masculine)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

पर्युपस्थिते (paryupasthite) - when it had approached (referring to the end of the age) (having approached, being near, present)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of paryupasthita

paryupasthita - approached, near, present, arrived

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with prefixes pari and upa

Prefixes: pari+upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with yugānte.

त्रेतानिर्मोक्षसमये (tretānirmokṣasamaye) - at the time of the Tretā age's (yuga) cessation (at the time of the Tretā age's liberation/release/end)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tretānirmokṣasamaya

tretānirmokṣasamaya - time of the Tretā's end/release

Compound of tretā (Tretā age), nirmokṣa (release, end), and samaya (time)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tretā+nirmokṣa+samaya)

• tretā – the second of the four yugas or world ages
  noun (feminine)
• nirmokṣa – release, liberation, end, cessation
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root muc (to release) with prefix nir
  Prefix: nir
  Root: muc (class 6)
• samaya – time, season, proper moment, convention
  noun (masculine)

Note: Further specifies the time.

द्वापरप्रतिपादने (dvāparapratipādane) - at the Dvāpara age's (yuga) commencement (at the establishment/commencement of the Dvāpara age)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dvāparapratipādana

dvāparapratipādana - establishment/commencement of the Dvāpara age

Compound of dvāpara (Dvāpara age) and pratipādana (establishment)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvāpara+pratipādana)

• dvāpara – the third of the four yugas or world ages
  noun (masculine)
• pratipādana – causing to stand, establishing, commencement, granting
  noun (neuter)
  causative verbal noun
  Derived from root pad (to go) with prefixes prati and ā, in causative form
  Prefixes: prati+ā
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Further specifies the time, parallel to tretānirmokṣasamaye.