महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-139, verse-31

तत्प्रविश्य क्षुधाविष्टो गाधेः पुत्रो महानृषिः ।
आहारान्वेषणे युक्तः परं यत्नं समास्थितः ॥३१॥

31. tatpraviśya kṣudhāviṣṭo gādheḥ putro mahānṛṣiḥ ,
āhārānveṣaṇe yuktaḥ paraṁ yatnaṁ samāsthitaḥ.

31. tat praviśya kṣudhāviṣṭaḥ gādheḥ putraḥ mahānṛṣiḥ
āhārānveṣaṇe yuktaḥ param yatnam samāsthitaḥ

31. tat gādheḥ putraḥ mahānṛṣiḥ kṣudhāviṣṭaḥ praviśya
āhārānveṣaṇe yuktaḥ param yatnam samāsthitaḥ

31. Having entered there, the great sage, son of Gādhi, afflicted by hunger, applied himself to an extreme effort in the search for food.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - then (then, therefore, that, it)

• प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered

• क्षुधाविष्टः (kṣudhāviṣṭaḥ) - afflicted by hunger (afflicted by hunger, overcome by hunger)

• गाधेः (gādheḥ) - of Gādhi

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• महानृषिः (mahānṛṣiḥ) - great sage

• आहारान्वेषणे (āhārānveṣaṇe) - in the search for food

• युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - engaged, intent (engaged, intent, joined, fit)

• परम् (param) - extreme (supreme, excellent, great, extreme)

• यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort (effort, exertion)

• समास्थितः (samāsthitaḥ) - undertook, applied (undertaken, applied, assumed, resorted to)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - then (then, therefore, that, it)

(indeclinable)

प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root viś with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

क्षुधाविष्टः (kṣudhāviṣṭaḥ) - afflicted by hunger (afflicted by hunger, overcome by hunger)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣudhāviṣṭa

kṣudhāviṣṭa - afflicted by hunger, overcome by hunger

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣudhā+āviṣṭa)

• kṣudhā – hunger
  noun (feminine)
• āviṣṭa – entered, possessed, afflicted, overcome
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root viś with prefix ā.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Refers to the sage.

गाधेः (gādheḥ) - of Gādhi

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of gādhi

gādhi - Gādhi (name of a king, Viśvāmitra's father)

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

Note: Refers to Viśvāmitra.

महानृषिः (mahānṛṣiḥ) - great sage

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage, eminent seer

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ṛṣi)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Viśvāmitra.

आहारान्वेषणे (āhārānveṣaṇe) - in the search for food

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of āhārānveṣaṇa

āhārānveṣaṇa - search for food

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āhāra+anveṣaṇa)

• āhāra – food, eating, collection
  noun (masculine)
• anveṣaṇa – searching, seeking, investigation
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root iṣ with prefix anu.
  Prefix: anu
  Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Refers to the activity.

युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - engaged, intent (engaged, intent, joined, fit)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, united, engaged, intent, fit

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yuj.

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Refers to the sage.

परम् (param) - extreme (supreme, excellent, great, extreme)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, excellent, ultimate, other, distant, extreme

Note: Qualifies "yatnam".

यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort (effort, exertion)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, attempt

Note: Object of "samāsthitaḥ".

समास्थितः (samāsthitaḥ) - undertook, applied (undertaken, applied, assumed, resorted to)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samāsthita

samāsthita - undertaken, applied, assumed, resorted to, stood firm

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā with prefixes sam and ā.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Refers to the sage.