महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-12, chapter-139, verse-24
तस्मिन्प्रतिभये काले क्षीणे धर्मे युधिष्ठिर ।
बभ्रमुः क्षुधिता मर्त्याः खादन्तः स्म परस्परम् ॥२४॥
बभ्रमुः क्षुधिता मर्त्याः खादन्तः स्म परस्परम् ॥२४॥
24. tasminpratibhaye kāle kṣīṇe dharme yudhiṣṭhira ,
babhramuḥ kṣudhitā martyāḥ khādantaḥ sma parasparam.
babhramuḥ kṣudhitā martyāḥ khādantaḥ sma parasparam.
24.
tasmin pratibhaye kāle kṣīṇe dharme yudhiṣṭhira
babhrumuḥ kṣudhitāḥ martyāḥ khādantaḥ sma parasparam
babhrumuḥ kṣudhitāḥ martyāḥ khādantaḥ sma parasparam
24.
yudhiṣṭhira tasmin pratibhaye kāle dharme kṣīṇe
kṣudhitāḥ martyāḥ parasparam khādantaḥ sma babhrumuḥ
kṣudhitāḥ martyāḥ parasparam khādantaḥ sma babhrumuḥ
24.
O Yudhishthira, during that terrifying time, when the natural law (dharma) had dwindled, hungry mortals roamed about, devouring one another.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, at that
- प्रतिभये (pratibhaye) - dreadful, terrifying
- काले (kāle) - in time, at the time
- क्षीणे (kṣīṇe) - diminished, wasted, exhausted
- धर्मे (dharme) - in the natural law, in righteousness
- युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhishthira
- बभ्रुमुः (babhrumuḥ) - they wandered
- क्षुधिताः (kṣudhitāḥ) - hungry
- मर्त्याः (martyāḥ) - mortals, people
- खादन्तः (khādantaḥ) - eating, devouring
- स्म (sma) - particle indicating past action, indeed
- परस्परम् (parasparam) - each other, mutually
Words meanings and morphology
तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, at that
(pronoun)
Locative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
प्रतिभये (pratibhaye) - dreadful, terrifying
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of pratibhaya
pratibhaya - dreadful, terrifying, frightful
काले (kāle) - in time, at the time
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of kāla
kāla - time, period, season
क्षीणे (kṣīṇe) - diminished, wasted, exhausted
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of kṣīṇa
kṣīṇa - diminished, exhausted, wasted, dwindled
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle of root kṣi (to waste, destroy)
Root: kṣi (class 5)
धर्मे (dharme) - in the natural law, in righteousness
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue, cosmic order
युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhishthira
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira
yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (name of the eldest Pandava brother)
Compound type : aluk tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)
- yudhi – in battle
noun (feminine)
Locative singular of yudh - sthira – firm, steady, stable
adjective
Root: sthā (class 1)
बभ्रुमुः (babhrumuḥ) - they wandered
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhram
Root: bhram (class 1)
क्षुधिताः (kṣudhitāḥ) - hungry
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣudhita
kṣudhita - hungry, afflicted by hunger
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle from root kṣudh (to be hungry)
Root: kṣudh (class 4)
मर्त्याः (martyāḥ) - mortals, people
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of martya
martya - mortal, human being, man
खादन्तः (khādantaḥ) - eating, devouring
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of khādat
khādat - eating, devouring
Present Active Participle
Present active participle of root khād (to eat)
Root: khād (class 1)
स्म (sma) - particle indicating past action, indeed
(indeclinable)
परस्परम् (parasparam) - each other, mutually
(indeclinable)
Note: Used adverbially here.