महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-139, verse-65

विश्वामित्र उवाच ।
न दुर्भिक्षे सुलभं मांसमन्यच्छ्वपाक नान्नं न च मेऽस्ति वित्तम् ।
क्षुधार्तश्चाहमगतिर्निराशः श्वमांसे चास्मिन्षड्रसान्साधु मन्ये ॥६५॥

65. viśvāmitra uvāca ,
na durbhikṣe sulabhaṁ māṁsamanya;cchvapāka nānnaṁ na ca me'sti vittam ,
kṣudhārtaścāhamagatirnirāśaḥ; śvamāṁse cāsminṣaḍrasānsādhu manye.

65. viśvāmitraḥ uvāca | na durbhikṣe sulabham
māṃsam anyat śvapāka na annam na ca me asti
vittam | kṣudhā ārtaḥ ca aham agatiḥ
nirāśaḥ śvamāṃse ca asmin ṣaṭ rasān sādhu manye

65. viśvāmitraḥ uvāca durbhikṣe anyat māṃsam na sulabham,
śvapāka,
na annam,
ca me vittam na asti kṣudhā ārtaḥ ca aham agatiḥ nirāśaḥ ca asmin śvamāṃse ṣaṭ rasān sādhu manye

65. Viśvāmitra said: 'During a famine, other meat is not easily obtained, O dog-eater, nor is there any other food, nor do I possess wealth. Afflicted by hunger, I am without recourse and without hope. Thus, I consider these six tastes to be suitable in this dog meat.'

Words meanings summery:

• विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - Viśvāmitra (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• न (na) - not

• दुर्भिक्षे (durbhikṣe) - in a famine, during a famine

• सुलभम् (sulabham) - easily available, easy to obtain

• मांसम् (māṁsam) - meat, flesh

• अन्यत् (anyat) - other, different

• श्वपाक (śvapāka) - O dog-eater, O outcaste

• न (na) - nor

• अन्नम् (annam) - food, sustenance

• न (na) - nor

• च (ca) - and

• मे (me) - to me, my

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• वित्तम् (vittam) - wealth, property

• क्षुधा (kṣudhā) - by hunger

• आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - afflicted, distressed

• च (ca) - and

• अहम् (aham) - I

• अगतिः (agatiḥ) - helpless, without recourse, without means

• निराशः (nirāśaḥ) - hopeless, despondent

• श्वमांसे (śvamāṁse) - in dog meat, regarding dog meat

• च (ca) - and, also, thus

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

• षट् (ṣaṭ) - six

• रसान् (rasān) - tastes, flavors

• साधु (sādhu) - good, proper, suitable

• मन्ये (manye) - I consider, I think

Words meanings and morphology

विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - Viśvāmitra (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - friend of all, name of a celebrated sage

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viśva+mitra)

• viśva – all, universal
  adjective (neuter)
• mitra – friend, companion
  noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

दुर्भिक्षे (durbhikṣe) - in a famine, during a famine

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of durbhikṣa

durbhikṣa - famine, scarcity of food

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+bhikṣā)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  Prefix/indeclinable indicating difficulty or badness
• bhikṣā – alms, begging
  noun (feminine)
  Root: bhikṣ (class 1)

सुलभम् (sulabham) - easily available, easy to obtain

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sulabha

sulabha - easy to obtain, readily available

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+labha)

• su – good, easy, well
  indeclinable
  Prefix/indeclinable indicating goodness or ease
• labha – gain, acquisition, to be obtained
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  From root 'labh' (to obtain) with suffix 'a'
  Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'māṃsam' and 'annam'.

मांसम् (māṁsam) - meat, flesh

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of māṃsa

māṁsa - meat, flesh

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'asti'.

अन्यत् (anyat) - other, different

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Agrees with 'māṃsam' and 'annam'.

श्वपाक (śvapāka) - O dog-eater, O outcaste

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śvapāka

śvapāka - dog-cook, dog-eater, an outcaste, caṇḍāla

Compound of 'śvan' (dog) and 'pāka' (cook/eater).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śvan+pāka)

• śvan – dog
  noun (masculine)
• pāka – cook, eater
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'pac' (to cook) with suffix 'ghañ'
  Root: pac (class 1)

Note: A term of address.

न (na) - nor

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

अन्नम् (annam) - food, sustenance

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, rice, meal

Past Passive Participle

From root 'ad' (to eat) with 'kta' suffix; functions as a noun.

Root: ad (class 2)

न (na) - nor

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - to me, my

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I

Note: Enclitic form of 'asmad'.

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Tense

Root: as (class 2)

वित्तम् (vittam) - wealth, property

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vitta

vitta - wealth, property, possessions

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vid' (to find, to obtain) with 'kta' suffix; functions as a noun.

Root: vid (class 6)

Note: Subject of 'asti'.

क्षुधा (kṣudhā) - by hunger

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of kṣudhā

kṣudhā - hunger, appetite

Root: kṣudh (class 4)

Note: Used as an agent or cause for 'ārtaḥ'.

आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - afflicted, distressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārta

ārta - distressed, suffering, afflicted

Past Passive Participle

From root 'ṛ' (to go, to move) with prefix 'ā-' and 'kta' suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'aham'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects clauses.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'asmi'.

अगतिः (agatiḥ) - helpless, without recourse, without means

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agati

agati - without path, helpless, without refuge

Formed with negative prefix 'a-'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+gati)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle
• gati – movement, course, refuge, state
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'gam' (to go) with suffix 'kti'
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'aham'.

निराशः (nirāśaḥ) - hopeless, despondent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirāśa

nirāśa - without hope, despondent, despairing

Formed with prefix 'nis-'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+āśā)

• nis – without, out, away
  indeclinable
  Prefix/indeclinable indicating absence or negation
• āśā – hope, desire
  noun (feminine)
  Root: āś (class 5)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'aham'.

श्वमांसे (śvamāṁse) - in dog meat, regarding dog meat

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śvamāṃsa

śvamāṁsa - dog meat

Compound of 'śvan' (dog) and 'māṃsa' (meat).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śvan+māṃsa)

• śvan – dog
  noun (masculine)
• māṃsa – meat, flesh
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and, also, thus

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here with a sense of 'therefore' or 'thus' in context.

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, that

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, agrees with 'śvamāṃse'.

षट् (ṣaṭ) - six

(numeral)

Note: It is plural in meaning.

रसान् (rasān) - tastes, flavors

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rasa

rasa - taste, flavor, essence, juice

Root: ras (class 1)

Note: Object of 'manye'.

साधु (sādhu) - good, proper, suitable

(indeclinable)

Can function as an adverb or adjective.

Root: sādh (class 5)

मन्ये (manye) - I consider, I think

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of man

Present Tense (Middle Voice)

Root: man (class 4)