महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-139, verse-59

येन तेन विशेषेण कर्मणा येन केनचित् ।
अभ्युज्जीवेत्सीदमानः समर्थो धर्ममाचरेत् ॥५९॥

59. yena tena viśeṣeṇa karmaṇā yena kenacit ,
abhyujjīvetsīdamānaḥ samartho dharmamācaret.

59. yena tena viśeṣeṇa karmaṇā yena kenacit
abhyujjīvet sīdamānaḥ samarthaḥ dharmam ācaret

59. sīdamānaḥ abhyujjīvet yena tena viśeṣeṇa yena
kenacit karmaṇā samarthaḥ dharmam ācaret

59. A person in distress should sustain their life by any special means or by any action whatsoever. Once capable, they should then practice their natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• येन (yena) - by whatever (means) (by which, by whom, with which)

• तेन (tena) - that (specific) (by that, by him, with that)

• विशेषेण (viśeṣeṇa) - by special means (by distinction, by particularity, specially)

• कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by (any) action (by action, by work)

• येन (yena) - by whatever (action) (by which, by whom, with which)

• केनचित् (kenacit) - by whatever (action) (by anyone, by anything, by some)

• अभ्युज्जीवेत् (abhyujjīvet) - one should sustain oneself (one should live, one should sustain oneself, one should recover)

• सीदमानः (sīdamānaḥ) - one who is in distress (sinking, suffering, being in distress)

• समर्थः (samarthaḥ) - (one who is) capable (capable, able, strong)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - their natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue)

• आचरेत् (ācaret) - one should practice (one should perform, one should practice, one should observe)

Words meanings and morphology

येन (yena) - by whatever (means) (by which, by whom, with which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine/neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who, that

तेन (tena) - that (specific) (by that, by him, with that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine/neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विशेषेण (viśeṣeṇa) - by special means (by distinction, by particularity, specially)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of viśeṣa

viśeṣa - distinction, particularity, specialness, specific characteristic

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by (any) action (by action, by work)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual action, fate (karma)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

येन (yena) - by whatever (action) (by which, by whom, with which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine/neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who, that

केनचित् (kenacit) - by whatever (action) (by anyone, by anything, by some)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine/neuter, singular of kimcid

kimcid - anyone, anything, someone, something

Combination of kim (interrogative pronoun) and cid (indeclinable particle, giving indefinite sense).

Note: kenacit comes from kimcid in instrumental singular.

अभ्युज्जीवेत् (abhyujjīvet) - one should sustain oneself (one should live, one should sustain oneself, one should recover)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of abhyujjīv

Optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice

From root jīv with prefixes abhi and ud.

Prefixes: abhi+ud

Root: jīv (class 1)

सीदमानः (sīdamānaḥ) - one who is in distress (sinking, suffering, being in distress)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sīdamāna

sīdamāna - sinking, languishing, suffering

Present active participle

Derived from root sad (to sink, languish) with thematic present stem and śānac suffix.

Root: sad (class 1)

समर्थः (samarthaḥ) - (one who is) capable (capable, able, strong)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samartha

samartha - capable, able, competent, suitable

From sam + artha (meaning, purpose, wealth). Here, 'having purpose/means together'.

Prefix: sam

Root: arth (class 10)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - their natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

From root dhṛ (to hold, support, uphold).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

आचरेत् (ācaret) - one should practice (one should perform, one should practice, one should observe)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of ācar

Optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice

From root car with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)