वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-59, verse-52

सुखप्रसुप्तं कालाग्निं प्रबोधयितुमिच्छसि ।
न्यस्य चापं निवर्तस्व मा प्राणाञ्जहि मद्गतः ॥५२॥

52. sukhaprasuptaṃ kālāgniṃ prabodhayitumicchasi ,
nyasya cāpaṃ nivartasva mā prāṇāñjahi madgataḥ.

52. sukhaprasuptam kālāgnim prabodhayitum icchasi
nyasya cāpam nivartasva mā prāṇān jahi madgataḥ

52. tvam sukhaprasuptam kālāgnim prabodhayitum icchasi
cāpam nyasya nivartasva madgataḥ mā prāṇān jahi

52. You wish to awaken the destructive fire (kālāgni) that is deeply slumbering. Lay down your bow and retreat. Do not approach me, or you will lose your life.

Words meanings summery:

• सुखप्रसुप्तम् (sukhaprasuptam) - deeply slumbering (happily sleeping, deeply slumbering)

• कालाग्निम् (kālāgnim) - the destructive fire (kālāgni) (fire of time, destructive fire)

• प्रबोधयितुम् (prabodhayitum) - to awaken (to awaken, to arouse)

• इच्छसि (icchasi) - you wish (you wish, you desire)

• न्यस्य (nyasya) - having laid down (having laid down, having deposited)

• चापम् (cāpam) - your bow (bow)

• निवर्तस्व (nivartasva) - retreat (turn back, retreat, abstain)

• मा (mā) - do not (not, do not (prohibitive particle))

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - your life (vital breaths, life, life-force)

• जहि (jahi) - lose (lit. destroy) (kill, destroy, abandon)

• मद्गतः (madgataḥ) - by coming to me (gone to me, come to me, fallen into my possession, subjected to me)

Words meanings and morphology

सुखप्रसुप्तम् (sukhaprasuptam) - deeply slumbering (happily sleeping, deeply slumbering)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sukhaprasupta

sukhaprasupta - happily asleep, deeply sleeping

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sukha+prasupta)

• sukha – happiness, ease
  noun (neuter)
• prasupta – asleep, slumbering
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root svap (to sleep) with prefix pra.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: svap (class 2)

Note: Modifies kālāgnim.

कालाग्निम् (kālāgnim) - the destructive fire (kālāgni) (fire of time, destructive fire)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kālāgni

kālāgni - fire of time, the destructive fire at the end of an age

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāla+agni)

• kāla – time, death
  noun (masculine)
• agni – fire, sacred fire
  noun (masculine)

प्रबोधयितुम् (prabodhayitum) - to awaken (to awaken, to arouse)

(verb)

infinitive of prabodhaya

Infinitive (causative)

Infinitive of the causative verb prabodhayati, from root budh (to awaken) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: budh (class 1)

इच्छसि (icchasi) - you wish (you wish, you desire)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

न्यस्य (nyasya) - having laid down (having laid down, having deposited)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Absolutive form from root as (to throw, to place) with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: as (class 4)

चापम् (cāpam) - your bow (bow)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of cāpa

cāpa - bow

निवर्तस्व (nivartasva) - retreat (turn back, retreat, abstain)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of ni-vṛt

Root vṛt (to turn) with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

मा (mā) - do not (not, do not (prohibitive particle))

(indeclinable)

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - your life (vital breaths, life, life-force)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, vital air, life, life-force

जहि (jahi) - lose (lit. destroy) (kill, destroy, abandon)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of han

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Irregular root 'han'.

मद्गतः (madgataḥ) - by coming to me (gone to me, come to me, fallen into my possession, subjected to me)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madgata

madgata - gone to me, come to me, fallen into my possession

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mat+gata)

• mat – me, by me
  pronoun
• gata – gone, reached, obtained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Implies the subject of jahi, i.e., 'you', who would be 'madgata'.

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