वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-59, verse-10

स तं दृष्ट्वा महात्मानं राघवस्तु सुविस्मितः ।
वानरान् सान्त्वयित्वा तु विभीषणमुवाच ह ॥१०॥

10. sa taṃ dṛṣṭvā mahātmānaṃ rāghavastu suvismitaḥ ,
vānarān sāntvayitvā tu vibhīṣaṇamuvāca ha.

10. saḥ tam dṛṣṭvā mahātmānam rāghavaḥ tu suvasmitaḥ
vānarān sāntvayitvā tu vibhīṣaṇam uvāca ha

10. saḥ rāghavaḥ tu tam mahātmānam dṛṣṭvā suvasmitaḥ
vānarān sāntvayitvā tu vibhīṣaṇam uvāca ha

10. But Rāghava, having seen that mighty being (mahātman), was greatly astonished. Then, having consoled the monkeys, he spoke to Vibhīṣaṇa.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Rāghava) (he, that)

• तम् (tam) - him (Atikāya) (him, that)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - the mighty Atikāya (the great being, the mighty one, the noble-souled)

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rāma (an epithet for Rāma) (descendant of Raghu)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• सुवस्मितः (suvasmitaḥ) - greatly astonished, much surprised

• वानरान् (vānarān) - monkeys

• सान्त्वयित्वा (sāntvayitvā) - having consoled, having comforted

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• विभीषणम् (vibhīṣaṇam) - Vibhīṣaṇa (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly, verily

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Rāghava) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rāghava.

तम् (tam) - him (Atikāya) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Atikāya.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root 'dṛś' with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Connects to 'suvasmitaḥ' and 'uvāca'.

महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - the mighty Atikāya (the great being, the mighty one, the noble-souled)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great (ātman), noble-souled, mighty, great being

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'tam' (Atikāya).

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rāma (an epithet for Rāma) (descendant of Raghu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu (an epithet for Rāma)

Note: Subject of 'suvasmitaḥ' and 'uvāca'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes or introduces a slight contrast.

सुवस्मितः (suvasmitaḥ) - greatly astonished, much surprised

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suvasmita

suvasmita - greatly astonished, much surprised

Past Passive Participle

Compound of 'su-' (well, greatly) and 'vismita' (astonished, from root 'smi' with 'vi-')

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (su+vismita)

• su – good, well, greatly
  indeclinable
• vismita – astonished, surprised
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'smi' with prefix 'vi-'
  Prefix: vi
  Root: smi (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'rāghavaḥ'.

वानरान् (vānarān) - monkeys

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey

Note: Object of 'sāntvayitvā'.

सान्त्वयित्वा (sāntvayitvā) - having consoled, having comforted

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from causative of root 'sāntv' (to console) with suffix -tvā

Root: sāntv (class 10)

Note: Connects to 'uvāca'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Note: Adds emphasis or connects actions.

विभीषणम् (vibhīṣaṇam) - Vibhīṣaṇa (proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vibhīṣaṇa

vibhīṣaṇa - Vibhīṣaṇa (proper name of Rāvaṇa's brother)

Note: Object of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative

3rd person singular perfect active of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Main verb.

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly, verily

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.