वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-59, verse-40

तांश्चैव सरान् स हरीञ् शरैः सर्वायसैर्बली ।
विव्याधाभिमुखः संख्ये भीमकायो निशाचरः ॥४०॥

40. tāṃścaiva sarān sa harīñ śaraiḥ sarvāyasairbalī ,
vivyādhābhimukhaḥ saṃkhye bhīmakāyo niśācaraḥ.

40. tān ca eva sarān sa harīn śaraiḥ sarvāyasaiḥ balī
vivyādha abhimukhaḥ saṃkhye bhīmakāyaḥ niśācaraḥ

40. The mighty, huge-bodied night-ranger (niśācara), facing them in battle, pierced those lakes and monkeys with his all-iron arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - them, those

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• सरान् (sarān) - lakes (as collateral damage or specific target) (lakes, ponds)

• स (sa) - he

• हरीन् (harīn) - monkeys

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• सर्वायसैः (sarvāyasaiḥ) - with all-iron, made entirely of iron

• बली (balī) - mighty, powerful

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, struck, hit

• अभिमुखः (abhimukhaḥ) - facing, turned towards, confronting

• संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle, in combat

• भीमकायः (bhīmakāyaḥ) - huge-bodied, having a terrible body

• निशाचरः (niśācaraḥ) - demon (niśācara) (night-ranger, demon)

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - them, those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to sarān and harīn.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

सरान् (sarān) - lakes (as collateral damage or specific target) (lakes, ponds)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of saras

saras - lake, pond, pool; water

Note: Could also be from 'sara' (masculine), but 'saras' (neuter) for lakes fits the context of widespread destruction.

स (sa) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Atikāya, the demon.

हरीन् (harīn) - monkeys

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of hari

hari - monkey, lion, Vishnu, Indra

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Root: śṛ (class 1)

सर्वायसैः (sarvāyasaiḥ) - with all-iron, made entirely of iron

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarvāyasa

sarvāyasa - all-iron, made of pure iron

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+ayasa)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective
• ayasa – iron
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with śaraiḥ.

बली (balī) - mighty, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balin

balin - strong, powerful, mighty

Note: Agrees with niśācaraḥ.

विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, struck, hit

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of vyadh

Perfect tense (Lit) form of the root.

Prefix: vi

Root: vyadh (class 4)

अभिमुखः (abhimukhaḥ) - facing, turned towards, confronting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhimukha

abhimukha - facing, turned towards, confronted by

Note: Agrees with niśācaraḥ.

संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃkhya

saṁkhya - battle, combat, war

भीमकायः (bhīmakāyaḥ) - huge-bodied, having a terrible body

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmakāya

bhīmakāya - having a terrible body, huge-bodied

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bhīma+kāya)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable, dreadful
  adjective
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• kāya – body, collection
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with niśācaraḥ.

निशाचरः (niśācaraḥ) - demon (niśācara) (night-ranger, demon)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niśācara

niśācara - night-wanderer, demon, goblin

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (niśā+cara)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• cara – moving, wandering; one who moves
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from the root car (to move).
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Refers to Atikāya.