वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-59, verse-5

स विस्फार्य महच्चापं किरीटी मृष्टकुण्डलः ।
नाम विश्रावयामास ननाद च महास्वनम् ॥५॥

5. sa visphārya mahaccāpaṃ kirīṭī mṛṣṭakuṇḍalaḥ ,
nāma viśrāvayāmāsa nanāda ca mahāsvanam.

5. saḥ visphārya mahat cāpam kirīṭī mr̥ṣṭakuṇḍalaḥ
nāma viśrāvayāmāsa nanāda ca mahāsvanam

5. He, adorned with a crown and polished earrings, drew his mighty bow, proclaimed his name, and roared loudly.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to Atikāya. (he, that one)

• विस्फार्य (visphārya) - having drawn, having stretched (a bow)

• महत् (mahat) - Qualifies the bow as mighty. (great, large, mighty)

• चापम् (cāpam) - bow

• किरीटी (kirīṭī) - Refers to Atikāya. (crowned, wearing a diadem)

• म्र्̥ष्टकुण्डलः (mr̥ṣṭakuṇḍalaḥ) - Refers to Atikāya. (wearing polished earrings)

• नाम (nāma) - name

• विश्रावयामास (viśrāvayāmāsa) - caused to be heard, proclaimed

• ननाद (nanāda) - roared, made a loud sound

• च (ca) - and, also

• महास्वनम् (mahāsvanam) - Adverbial usage describing the manner of roaring. (with a great sound, a great roar)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Refers to Atikāya. (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विस्फार्य (visphārya) - having drawn, having stretched (a bow)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

from root sphr̥ (to tremble, to vibrate) with prefix vi, causative stem

Prefix: vi

Root: sphr̥ (class 5)

Note: Indicates a preceding action.

महत् (mahat) - Qualifies the bow as mighty. (great, large, mighty)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, extensive

चापम् (cāpam) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cāpa

cāpa - bow (weapon)

Note: Object of 'visphārya'.

किरीटी (kirīṭī) - Refers to Atikāya. (crowned, wearing a diadem)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kirīṭin

kirīṭin - crowned, wearing a diadem/tiara

Possessive suffix -in

म्र्̥ष्टकुण्डलः (mr̥ṣṭakuṇḍalaḥ) - Refers to Atikāya. (wearing polished earrings)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mr̥ṣṭakuṇḍala

mr̥ṣṭakuṇḍala - having polished earrings

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mr̥ṣṭa+kuṇḍala)

• mr̥ṣṭa – polished, clean, purified (past passive participle of mr̥j)
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root mr̥j (to wipe, clean)
  Root: mr̥j (class 2)
• kuṇḍala – earring, coil, ring
  noun (masculine)

नाम (nāma) - name

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name, appellation

Note: Object of 'viśrāvayāmāsa'.

विश्रावयामास (viśrāvayāmāsa) - caused to be heard, proclaimed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of viśrāvaya

Causative Perfect Active

3rd person singular, from root śru (to hear) with prefix vi, causative stem -ay

Prefix: vi

Root: śru (class 5)

ननाद (nanāda) - roared, made a loud sound

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of nad

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, Intensive/Reduplicative

Root: nad (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two actions of proclaiming and roaring.

महास्वनम् (mahāsvanam) - Adverbial usage describing the manner of roaring. (with a great sound, a great roar)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāsvana

mahāsvana - great sound, loud roar

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+svana)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• svana – sound, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)