वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-59, verse-20

द्वौ च खड्गौ रथगतौ पार्श्वस्थौ पार्श्वशोभिनौ ।
चतुर्हस्तत्सरुचितौ व्यक्तहस्तदशायतौ ॥२०॥

20. dvau ca khaḍgau rathagatau pārśvasthau pārśvaśobhinau ,
caturhastatsarucitau vyaktahastadaśāyatau.

20. dvau ca khaḍgau rathagatāu pārśvasthau pārśvaśobhinau
caturhastatsarucitau vyaktahastadaśāyatāu

20. ca dvau khaḍgau rathagatāu pārśvasthau pārśvaśobhinau
caturhastatsarucitau vyaktahastadaśāyatāu

20. Two swords were also on the chariot, positioned on its sides and adorning them. Their hilts were four hands (hasta) long, and the swords themselves were distinctly ten hands (hasta) in length.

Words meanings summery:

• द्वौ (dvau) - two

• च (ca) - and

• खड्गौ (khaḍgau) - swords

• रथगताउ (rathagatāu) - chariot-borne, placed on the chariot

• पार्श्वस्थौ (pārśvasthau) - situated on the sides, side-dwelling

• पार्श्वशोभिनौ (pārśvaśobhinau) - adorning the sides, side-beautifying

• चतुर्हस्तत्सरुचितौ (caturhastatsarucitau) - having hilts that are four hands long

• व्यक्तहस्तदशायताउ (vyaktahastadaśāyatāu) - distinctly ten hands long

Words meanings and morphology

द्वौ (dvau) - two

(numeral)

Note: Nominative dual masculine, agreeing with khaḍgau.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

खड्गौ (khaḍgau) - swords

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of khaḍga

khaḍga - sword

Note: Nominative dual masculine.

रथगताउ (rathagatāu) - chariot-borne, placed on the chariot

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of rathagata

rathagata - gone to/on a chariot, chariot-borne

Past Passive Participle

Compound of ratha and gata (from gam, to go)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+gata)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• gata – gone, reached, obtained
  ppp (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with khaḍgau.

पार्श्वस्थौ (pārśvasthau) - situated on the sides, side-dwelling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of pārśvastha

pārśvastha - situated on the side, standing by the side

Compound of pārśva and stha (from sthā, to stand)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pārśva+stha)

• pārśva – side, flank
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• stha – standing, situated, being in
  suffix/adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  kṛt suffix
  from root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with khaḍgau.

पार्श्वशोभिनौ (pārśvaśobhinau) - adorning the sides, side-beautifying

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of pārśvaśobhin

pārśvaśobhin - adorning the sides, beautifying the flanks

Compound of pārśva and śobhin (from śubh, to shine/be beautiful)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pārśva+śobhin)

• pārśva – side, flank
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• śobhin – shining, beautiful, adorning
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Agent Noun/Adjective
  from root śubh (to shine, be beautiful) with -in suffix
  Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with khaḍgau.

चतुर्हस्तत्सरुचितौ (caturhastatsarucitau) - having hilts that are four hands long

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of caturhastatsarucita

caturhastatsarucita - whose hilts are four hands (hasta) long

Bahuvrihi compound: caturhasta (four hands) + tsaru (hilt) + cita (measured/made/characterized by)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (caturhasta+tsaru+cita)

• caturhasta – four hands (in length)
  adjective (neuter)
  Compound: catur (four) + hasta (hand)
• tsaru – hilt, handle
  noun (masculine)
• cita – measured, made, adorned
  ppp (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root ci (to collect, pile, arrange)
  Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Agrees with khaḍgau.

व्यक्तहस्तदशायताउ (vyaktahastadaśāyatāu) - distinctly ten hands long

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vyaktahastadaśāyata

vyaktahastadaśāyata - distinctly ten hands (hasta) long

Bahuvrihi compound: vyakta (distinct) + hastadaśa (ten hands) + āyata (long)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vyakta+hastadaśa+āyata)

• vyakta – distinct, manifest, clear
  ppp (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from vi-añj (to manifest)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: añj (class 7)
• hastadaśa – ten hands (in length)
  adjective (neuter)
  Compound: hasta (hand) + daśa (ten)
• āyata – long, extended
  ppp (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from ā-yam (to extend)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with khaḍgau. Describes the overall length of the swords.