वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-59, verse-48

सौमित्रेश्चापनिर्घोषं श्रुत्वा प्रतिभयं तदा ।
विसिष्मिये महातेजा राक्षसेन्द्रात्मजो बली ॥४८॥

48. saumitreścāpanirghoṣaṃ śrutvā pratibhayaṃ tadā ,
visiṣmiye mahātejā rākṣasendrātmajo balī.

48. saumitreḥ cāpanirghoṣam śrutvā pratibhayam tadā
visismīye mahātejāḥ rākṣasendrātmajaḥ balī

48. tadā saumitreḥ pratibhayam cāpanirghoṣam śrutvā
mahātejāḥ balī rākṣasendrātmajaḥ visismīye

48. Having heard the greatly terrifying twang of Lakṣmaṇa's bow, then the mighty and powerful son of the lord of rākṣasas was greatly astonished.

Words meanings summery:

• सौमित्रेः (saumitreḥ) - of Saumitri, of Lakṣmaṇa

• चापनिर्घोषम् (cāpanirghoṣam) - the sound of the bow, bow twang

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• प्रतिभयम् (pratibhayam) - greatly frightening, terrifying

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• विसिस्मीये (visismīye) - was greatly astonished, wondered

• महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - of great splendor, mighty, powerful

• राक्षसेन्द्रात्मजः (rākṣasendrātmajaḥ) - son of the lord of rākṣasas

• बली (balī) - strong, powerful

Words meanings and morphology

सौमित्रेः (saumitreḥ) - of Saumitri, of Lakṣmaṇa

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of saumitri

saumitri - son of Sumitrā, Lakṣmaṇa

Patronymic from Sumitrā.

Note: Modifies 'cāpanirghoṣam'.

चापनिर्घोषम् (cāpanirghoṣam) - the sound of the bow, bow twang

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of cāpanirghoṣa

cāpanirghoṣa - sound of a bow, bow twang

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cāpa+nirghoṣa)

• cāpa – bow
  noun (masculine)
• nirghoṣa – sound, roar, din
  noun (masculine)
  From nis + √ghuṣ (to sound).
  Prefix: nis
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from √śru (to hear), Class 5, śṛṇoti, forming absolutive in -tvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

प्रतिभयम् (pratibhayam) - greatly frightening, terrifying

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pratibhaya

pratibhaya - fear, terror, frightening, terrible

From prati + bhaya (fear).

Prefix: prati

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Adjective modifying 'cāpanirghoṣam'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

From pronoun tad (that).

विसिस्मीये (visismīye) - was greatly astonished, wondered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of √smi

Perfect Middle

From vi + √smi (to wonder, smile), Class 1, perfect form (liṭ) in middle voice.

Prefix: vi

Root: smi (class 1)

महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - of great splendor, mighty, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātejas

mahātejas - great splendor/energy/power; mighty

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+tejas)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
• tejas – splendor, energy, fiery energy, power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective for the rākṣasa prince.

राक्षसेन्द्रात्मजः (rākṣasendrātmajaḥ) - son of the lord of rākṣasas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasendrātmaja

rākṣasendrātmaja - son of the lord of rākṣasas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+indra+ātmaja)

• rākṣasa – demon, rākṣasa
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief, Indra (the deity)
  noun (masculine)
• ātmaja – son, born from oneself
  noun (masculine)
  From ātman (self) + ja (born).
  Prefix: ātman
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'visismīye'.

बली (balī) - strong, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balin

balin - strong, powerful, mighty

Possessive adjective from bala (strength).

Note: Adjective for the rākṣasa prince.