वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-59, verse-28

अश्वपृष्ठे रथे नागे खड्गे धनुषि कर्षणे ।
भेदे सान्त्वे च दाने च नये मन्त्रे च संमतः ॥२८॥

28. aśvapṛṣṭhe rathe nāge khaḍge dhanuṣi karṣaṇe ,
bhede sāntve ca dāne ca naye mantre ca saṃmataḥ.

28. aśvapṛṣṭhe rathe nāge khaḍge dhanuṣi karṣaṇe |
bhede sāntve ca dāne ca naye mantre ca saṃmataḥ

28. aśvapṛṣṭhe rathe nāge khaḍge dhanuṣi karṣaṇe
bhede ca sāntve ca dāne ca naye mantre ca saṃmataḥ

28. He was respected in horsemanship, chariot driving, elephant riding, swordsmanship, archery, and drawing (the bow); as well as in division, conciliation, giving, statesmanship, and counsel.

Words meanings summery:

• अश्वपृष्ठे (aśvapṛṣṭhe) - on horseback, on the back of a horse, in horsemanship

• रथे (rathe) - in a chariot, in chariot driving

• नागे (nāge) - in context, refers to elephant riding (on an elephant, in elephant riding)

• खड्गे (khaḍge) - in swords, in swordsmanship

• धनुषि (dhanuṣi) - in a bow, in archery

• कर्षणे (karṣaṇe) - refers to drawing the bowstring (in drawing (e.g., a bow), in pulling)

• भेदे (bhede) - in diplomacy, refers to 'bheda' (division) as one of the four strategies (upāyas) (in division, in splitting)

• सान्त्वे (sāntve) - in diplomacy, refers to 'sāman' (conciliation) as one of the four strategies (upāyas) (in conciliation, in appeasement)

• च (ca) - and, also

• दाने (dāne) - in diplomacy, refers to 'dāna' (giving gifts) as one of the four strategies (upāyas) (in giving, in charity)

• च (ca) - and, also

• नये (naye) - in policy, in statesmanship

• मन्त्रे (mantre) - here refers to counsel or strategic planning (in counsel, in advice, in a sacred utterance (mantra))

• च (ca) - and, also

• संमतः (saṁmataḥ) - esteemed, respected, approved, consented

Words meanings and morphology

अश्वपृष्ठे (aśvapṛṣṭhe) - on horseback, on the back of a horse, in horsemanship

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of aśvapṛṣṭha

aśvapṛṣṭha - horse's back, horseback

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aśva+pṛṣṭha)

• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• pṛṣṭha – back, surface
  noun (neuter)

रथे (rathe) - in a chariot, in chariot driving

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

नागे (nāge) - in context, refers to elephant riding (on an elephant, in elephant riding)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of nāga

nāga - snake, serpent, elephant

खड्गे (khaḍge) - in swords, in swordsmanship

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of khaḍga

khaḍga - sword

धनुषि (dhanuṣi) - in a bow, in archery

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, archery

कर्षणे (karṣaṇe) - refers to drawing the bowstring (in drawing (e.g., a bow), in pulling)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of karṣaṇa

karṣaṇa - drawing, pulling, plowing

From root kṛṣ 'to draw, pull'

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

भेदे (bhede) - in diplomacy, refers to 'bheda' (division) as one of the four strategies (upāyas) (in division, in splitting)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of bheda

bheda - breaking, splitting, division, disunion (as a means of policy)

From root bhid 'to break'

Root: bhid (class 7)

सान्त्वे (sāntve) - in diplomacy, refers to 'sāman' (conciliation) as one of the four strategies (upāyas) (in conciliation, in appeasement)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sāntva

sāntva - conciliation, appeasement, gentle words

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

दाने (dāne) - in diplomacy, refers to 'dāna' (giving gifts) as one of the four strategies (upāyas) (in giving, in charity)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dāna

dāna - giving, gift, charity

From root dā 'to give'

Root: dā (class 3)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

नये (naye) - in policy, in statesmanship

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of naya

naya - conduct, policy, statesmanship, leadership

From root nī 'to lead'

Root: nī (class 1)

मन्त्रे (mantre) - here refers to counsel or strategic planning (in counsel, in advice, in a sacred utterance (mantra))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mantra

mantra - sacred utterance (mantra), hymn, counsel, plan, secret

From root man 'to think'

Root: man (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

संमतः (saṁmataḥ) - esteemed, respected, approved, consented

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃmata

saṁmata - approved, esteemed, honored, agreed upon

Past Passive Participle

From root man 'to think' with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Refers to the son from the previous verse.