वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-59, verse-49

अथातिकायः कुपितो दृष्ट्वा लक्ष्मणमुत्थितम् ।
आदाय निशितं बाणमिदं वचनमब्रवीत् ॥४९॥

49. athātikāyaḥ kupito dṛṣṭvā lakṣmaṇamutthitam ,
ādāya niśitaṃ bāṇamidaṃ vacanamabravīt.

49. atha atikāyaḥ kupitaḥ dṛṣṭvā lakṣmaṇam utthitam
ādāya niśitam bāṇam idam vacanam abravīt

49. atha atikāyaḥ kupitaḥ utthitam lakṣmaṇam dṛṣṭvā
niśitam bāṇam ādāya idam vacanam abravīt

49. Then, Atikāya, enraged, having seen Lakṣmaṇa standing up, took a sharpened arrow and spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• अतिकायः (atikāyaḥ) - Atikāya (proper name, 'of huge body')

• कुपितः (kupitaḥ) - angered, enraged, wrathful

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• लक्ष्मणम् (lakṣmaṇam) - Lakṣmaṇa

• उत्थितम् (utthitam) - risen, standing up

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having received, holding

• निशितम् (niśitam) - sharpened, keen, sharp

• बाणम् (bāṇam) - arrow

• इदम् (idam) - this

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

अतिकायः (atikāyaḥ) - Atikāya (proper name, 'of huge body')

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atikāya

atikāya - Atikāya (proper name, 'of huge body')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ati+kāya)

• ati – beyond, excessively, very
  indeclinable
• kāya – body
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'abravīt'.

कुपितः (kupitaḥ) - angered, enraged, wrathful

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kupita

kupita - angered, enraged, wrathful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √kup (to be angry), Class 4, kupyati, past participle.

Root: kup (class 4)

Note: Adjective modifying Atikāya.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from √dṛś (to see), Class 1, paśyati, forming absolutive in -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

लक्ष्मणम् (lakṣmaṇam) - Lakṣmaṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (name of Rama's brother)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

उत्थितम् (utthitam) - risen, standing up

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of utthita

utthita - risen, stood up, produced

Past Passive Participle

Derived from ut + √sthā (to stand), Class 1, tiṣṭhati, past participle.

Prefix: ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying Lakṣmaṇa.

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having received, holding

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund) with prefix

Derived from ā + √dā (to give, take), Class 3, dadāti, forming absolutive in -ya.

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

निशितम् (niśitam) - sharpened, keen, sharp

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of niśita

niśita - sharpened, keen, sharp

Past Passive Participle

Derived from ni + √śo (to sharpen, whet), Class 4, śyate, past participle.

Prefix: ni

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Adjective modifying 'bāṇam'.

बाणम् (bāṇam) - arrow

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

Note: Object of 'ādāya'.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Modifies 'vacanam'.

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying

Derived from √vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √brū

Imperfect Active

From √brū (to speak), Class 2, bravīti, imperfect form (laṅ).

Root: brū (class 2)