वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-59, verse-46

क्रुद्धः सौमित्रिरुत्पत्य तूणादाक्षिप्य सायकम् ।
पुरस्तादतिकायस्य विचकर्ष महद्धनुः ॥४६॥

46. kruddhaḥ saumitrirutpatya tūṇādākṣipya sāyakam ,
purastādatikāyasya vicakarṣa mahaddhanuḥ.

46. kruddhaḥ saumitriḥ utpatya tūṇāt ākṣipya sāyakam
purastāt atikāyasya vicakarṣa mahat dhanuḥ

46. Enraged Saumitri, leaping up and drawing an arrow from his quiver, then strung his great bow in front of Atikāya.

Words meanings summery:

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

• सौमित्रिः (saumitriḥ) - son of Sumitrā (Lakṣmaṇa)

• उत्पत्य (utpatya) - having leaped up, having sprung

• तूणात् (tūṇāt) - from the quiver

• आक्षिप्य (ākṣipya) - having drawn, having cast out

• सायकम् (sāyakam) - arrow

• पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - in front of, before

• अतिकायस्य (atikāyasya) - of Atikāya

• विचकर्ष (vicakarṣa) - he stretched, he drew (a bow)

• महत् (mahat) - great, large

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

Words meanings and morphology

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry

past passive participle

Derived from root krudh (to be angry).

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'saumitriḥ'.

सौमित्रिः (saumitriḥ) - son of Sumitrā (Lakṣmaṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saumitri

saumitri - son of Sumitrā (Lakṣmaṇa)

A patronymic from Sumitrā.

Note: Subject of the actions.

उत्पत्य (utpatya) - having leaped up, having sprung

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root pat (to fall, fly) with prefix ut.

Prefix: ut

Root: pat (class 1)

तूणात् (tūṇāt) - from the quiver

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of tūṇa

tūṇa - quiver

Note: Denotes separation or origin.

आक्षिप्य (ākṣipya) - having drawn, having cast out

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root kṣip (to throw) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: kṣip (class 6)

सायकम् (sāyakam) - arrow

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sāyaka

sāyaka - arrow, dart

Derived from √si (to bind, cast).

Root: so (class 4)

Note: Object of 'ākṣipya'.

पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - in front of, before

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs 'atikāyasya'.

अतिकायस्य (atikāyasya) - of Atikāya

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of atikāya

atikāya - Atikāya (proper name, 'of huge body')

Note: Governed by 'purastāt'.

विचकर्ष (vicakarṣa) - he stretched, he drew (a bow)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of kṛṣ

perfect tense

Form of √kṛṣ (to draw, pull) with prefix vi, in perfect tense, 3rd person singular active.

Prefix: vi

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

महत् (mahat) - great, large

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, mighty

Note: Qualifies 'dhanuḥ'.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

Note: Object of 'vicakarṣa'.