वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-59, verse-66

तमापतन्तं निशितं शरमाशीविषोपमम् ।
अर्धचन्द्रेण चिच्छेद लक्ष्मणः परवीरहा ॥६६॥

66. tamāpatantaṃ niśitaṃ śaramāśīviṣopamam ,
ardhacandreṇa ciccheda lakṣmaṇaḥ paravīrahā.

66. tam āpatantam niśitam śaram āśīviṣopamam
ardhacandreṇa ciccheda lakṣmaṇaḥ paravīrahā

66. paravīrahā lakṣmaṇaḥ tam āpatantam niśitam
āśīviṣopamam śaram ardhacandreṇa ciccheda

66. Lakṣmaṇa, the slayer of enemy heroes, intercepted that sharp, incoming arrow, which resembled a venomous snake, by cutting it with a crescent-shaped arrow.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that, him, it

• आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - falling, approaching, incoming

• निशितम् (niśitam) - sharpened, keen, sharp

• शरम् (śaram) - arrow

• आशीविषोपमम् (āśīviṣopamam) - resembling a venomous snake

• अर्धचन्द्रेण (ardhacandreṇa) - with an arrow tipped like a half-moon (with a crescent-shaped arrow)

• चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut off, pierced, divided

• लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakṣmaṇa

• परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - slayer of enemy heroes

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that, him, it

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Refers to the arrow

आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - falling, approaching, incoming

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pat

pat - to fall, to fly, to approach

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Present Active Participle, agrees with 'śaram'

निशितम् (niśitam) - sharpened, keen, sharp

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of niśita

niśita - sharpened, keen, sharp

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śo (śyati) 'to sharpen' with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'śaram'

शरम् (śaram) - arrow

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śara

śara - arrow

आशीविषोपमम् (āśīviṣopamam) - resembling a venomous snake

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āśīviṣopama

āśīviṣopama - resembling a venomous snake, like a poisonous serpent

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (āśīviṣa+upama)

• āśīviṣa – venomous snake
  noun (masculine)
• upama – likeness, resemblance
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'śaram'

अर्धचन्द्रेण (ardhacandreṇa) - with an arrow tipped like a half-moon (with a crescent-shaped arrow)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ardhacandra

ardhacandra - half-moon, crescent, crescent-shaped arrow

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ardha+candra)

• ardha – half, part
  noun (masculine)
• candra – moon
  noun (masculine)

चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut off, pierced, divided

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (Lit) of chid

Root: chid (class 7)

लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakṣmaṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (name of Rama's brother)

परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - slayer of enemy heroes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paravīrahan

paravīrahan - slayer of enemy heroes

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+vīra+han)

• para – other, enemy, hostile
  adjective
• vīra – hero, warrior
  noun (masculine)
• han – killer, slayer
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root han 'to strike, kill'
  Root: han (class 2)