महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-16, verse-83

अश्वत्थामा ततो राज्ञा हताश्वं विरथीकृतम् ।
समपोवाह हार्दिक्यं स्वरथेन युधिष्ठिरात् ॥८३॥

83. aśvatthāmā tato rājñā hatāśvaṁ virathīkṛtam ,
samapovāha hārdikyaṁ svarathena yudhiṣṭhirāt.

83. aśvatthāmā tataḥ rājñā hatāśvaṃ virathīkṛtam
samapovāha hārdikyaṃ svarathena yudhiṣṭhirāt

83. tataḥ aśvatthāmā svarathena rājñā hatāśvaṃ
virathīkṛtam hārdikyaṃ yudhiṣṭhirāt samapovāha

83. Then Aśvatthāman, using his own chariot, rescued Hārdikya (Kṛtavarman) from Yudhiṣṭhira, as Hārdikya's horses had been killed and he had been rendered chariot-less by the king.

Words meanings summery:

• अश्वत्थामा (aśvatthāmā) - Aśvatthāman

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by King Yudhiṣṭhira (by the king)

• हताश्वं (hatāśvaṁ) - whose horses were killed

• विरथीकृतम् (virathīkṛtam) - rendered chariot-less, dismounted from his chariot

• समपोवाह (samapovāha) - he carried away, he rescued

• हार्दिक्यं (hārdikyaṁ) - Kṛtavarman (Hārdikya)

• स्वरथेन (svarathena) - with his own chariot

• युधिष्ठिरात् (yudhiṣṭhirāt) - from Yudhiṣṭhira

Words meanings and morphology

अश्वत्थामा (aśvatthāmā) - Aśvatthāman

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśvatthāman

aśvatthāman - Aśvatthāman (son of Droṇa)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by King Yudhiṣṭhira (by the king)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

हताश्वं (hatāśvaṁ) - whose horses were killed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hatāśva

hatāśva - whose horses are killed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+aśva)

• hata – killed, struck down
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root han (to strike, kill) + kta (pp)
  Root: han (class 2)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: agrees with hārdikyaṃ

विरथीकृतम् (virathīkṛtam) - rendered chariot-less, dismounted from his chariot

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of virathīkṛta

virathīkṛta - rendered chariot-less, deprived of a chariot

Past Passive Participle

formed from 'viratha' (chariot-less) + the causative 'īkṛ' (to make) + kta (pp)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viratha+kṛta)

• viratha – chariot-less, without a chariot
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
• kṛta – made, done
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root kṛ (to do, make) + kta (pp)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: agrees with hārdikyaṃ

समपोवाह (samapovāha) - he carried away, he rescued

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of √vah

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, perfect tense, with prefixes sam + apa + ud

Prefixes: sam+apa+ud

Root: vah (class 1)

हार्दिक्यं (hārdikyaṁ) - Kṛtavarman (Hārdikya)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hārdikya

hārdikya - descendant of Hṛdika, Kṛtavarman

patronymic of Kṛtavarman

स्वरथेन (svarathena) - with his own chariot

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of svaratha

svaratha - one's own chariot

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sva+ratha)

• sva – own
  pronoun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

युधिष्ठिरात् (yudhiṣṭhirāt) - from Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (eldest Pāṇḍava, steadfast in battle)