महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-16, verse-52

बाहू प्रसार्याभिमुखो धर्मराजस्य मद्रराट् ।
ततो निपतितो भूमाविन्द्रध्वज इवोच्छ्रितः ॥५२॥

52. bāhū prasāryābhimukho dharmarājasya madrarāṭ ,
tato nipatito bhūmāvindradhvaja ivocchritaḥ.

52. bahū prasārya abhimukhaḥ dharmarājasya madrarāṭ
tataḥ nipatitaḥ bhūmau indradhvajaḥ iva ucchritaḥ

52. madraraṭ bahū prasārya dharmarājasya abhimukhaḥ
tataḥ ucchritaḥ indradhvajaḥ iva bhūmau nipatitaḥ

52. Then the king of Madra, Śalya, spreading his arms and facing Yudhiṣṭhira (dharma-rāja), fell to the earth like an erected Indra-banner (Indra-dhvaja) that has been brought down.

Words meanings summery:

• बहू (bahū) - arms

• प्रसार्य (prasārya) - having spread, spreading

• अभिमुखः (abhimukhaḥ) - facing, turned towards

• धर्मराजस्य (dharmarājasya) - of Yudhiṣṭhira (of the king of righteousness, of Yudhiṣṭhira)

• मद्ररट् (madraraṭ) - Śalya, the king of Madra (the king of Madra)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

• निपतितः (nipatitaḥ) - fallen down, descended

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the earth, to the ground

• इन्द्रध्वजः (indradhvajaḥ) - Indra's banner

• इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

• उच्छ्रितः (ucchritaḥ) - raised, elevated, tall, erected

Words meanings and morphology

बहू (bahū) - arms

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of bāhu

bāhu - arm

प्रसार्य (prasārya) - having spread, spreading

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root sṛ with prefix pra, forming a gerund (absolutive) with -ya suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: sṛ (class 1)

अभिमुखः (abhimukhaḥ) - facing, turned towards

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhimukha

abhimukha - facing, turned towards, confronted

Compound type : pradi-samāsa (abhi+mukha)

• abhi – towards, against, over
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

धर्मराजस्य (dharmarājasya) - of Yudhiṣṭhira (of the king of righteousness, of Yudhiṣṭhira)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of righteousness, Yudhiṣṭhira

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+rāja)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

मद्ररट् (madraraṭ) - Śalya, the king of Madra (the king of Madra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madrārāj

madrārāj - king of Madra

Compound type : tatpurusha (madra+rāj)

• madra – name of a country and its people
  proper noun (neuter)
• rāj – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

(indeclinable)

निपतितः (nipatitaḥ) - fallen down, descended

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nipatita

nipatita - fallen, descended, thrown down

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pat with prefix ni, forming a past passive participle.

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the earth, to the ground

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

इन्द्रध्वजः (indradhvajaḥ) - Indra's banner

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of indradhvaja

indradhvaja - Indra's banner, a special festival pole erected for Indra

Compound type : tatpurusha (indra+dhvaja)

• indra – Indra (name of a Vedic deity)
  proper noun (masculine)
• dhvaja – banner, flag, standard
  noun (masculine)

इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

उच्छ्रितः (ucchritaḥ) - raised, elevated, tall, erected

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ucchrita

ucchrita - raised, elevated, tall, erected

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śri with prefix ut.

Prefix: ut

Root: śri (class 1)