महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-16, verse-78

ततो मुहूर्तात्तेऽपश्यन्रजो भौमं समुत्थितम् ।
विविधैः शोणितस्रावैः प्रशान्तं पुरुषर्षभ ॥७८॥

78. tato muhūrtātte'paśyanrajo bhaumaṁ samutthitam ,
vividhaiḥ śoṇitasrāvaiḥ praśāntaṁ puruṣarṣabha.

78. tataḥ muhūrtāt te apaśyan rajaḥ bhaumam samutthitam
vividhaiḥ śoṇitasrāvaiḥ praśāntam puruṣarṣabha

78. puruṣarṣabha tataḥ muhūrtāt te bhaumam samutthitam
rajaḥ vividhaiḥ śoṇitasrāvaiḥ praśāntam apaśyan

78. O best of men, then after a moment, they saw the earthy dust that had risen, now subsided by various streams of blood.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

• मुहूर्तात् (muhūrtāt) - after a moment (from a moment, after a moment)

• ते (te) - they (the observers) (they, those)

• अपश्यन् (apaśyan) - they saw

• रजः (rajaḥ) - the dust (dust, dirt)

• भौमम् (bhaumam) - earthy (dust) (earthy, terrestrial, from the earth)

• समुत्थितम् (samutthitam) - that had risen (risen, elevated, emerged)

• विविधैः (vividhaiḥ) - by various (by various, by diverse)

• शोणितस्रावैः (śoṇitasrāvaiḥ) - by streams of blood (by streams of blood, by oozing blood)

• प्रशान्तम् (praśāntam) - now subsided (subsided, calmed, tranquil)

• पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best of men (O best of men, O bull among men)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

मुहूर्तात् (muhūrtāt) - after a moment (from a moment, after a moment)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of muhūrta

muhūrta - a moment, instant (a specific unit of time)

ते (te) - they (the observers) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'apaśyan'.

अपश्यन् (apaśyan) - they saw

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of paś

Imperfect third person plural

From root dṛś (दृश्), 'paś' is the present stem.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

रजः (rajaḥ) - the dust (dust, dirt)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, dirt, pollen; mist, fog; passion (guṇa)

Note: Object of 'apaśyan'.

भौमम् (bhaumam) - earthy (dust) (earthy, terrestrial, from the earth)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhauma

bhauma - earthly, terrestrial, relating to the earth; son of the earth (Mars)

Derived from bhūmi (earth)

Note: Agrees with 'rajaḥ'.

समुत्थितम् (samutthitam) - that had risen (risen, elevated, emerged)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of samutthita

samutthita - risen, ascended, emerged, stood up

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā (स्था) with upasargas sam (सम्) and ut (उत्)

Prefixes: sam+ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rajaḥ'.

विविधैः (vividhaiḥ) - by various (by various, by diverse)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vividha

vividha - various, manifold, diverse, of many kinds

Note: Agrees with 'śoṇitasrāvaiḥ'.

शोणितस्रावैः (śoṇitasrāvaiḥ) - by streams of blood (by streams of blood, by oozing blood)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śoṇitasrāva

śoṇitasrāva - stream of blood, flow of blood

Compound type : tatpurusha (śoṇita+srāva)

• śoṇita – blood, red; red (adjective)
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root śoṇ 'to be red'
  Root: śoṇ (class 1)
• srāva – flowing, stream, discharge, oozing
  noun (masculine)
  From root sru (स्रु) 'to flow'
  Root: sru (class 1)

Note: Agent/instrument causing the subsidence.

प्रशान्तम् (praśāntam) - now subsided (subsided, calmed, tranquil)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of praśānta

praśānta - tranquil, calm, quiet, subdued, subsided

Past Passive Participle

From root śam (शम्) with upasarga pra (प्र)

Prefix: pra

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'rajaḥ'.

पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best of men (O best of men, O bull among men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣarṣabha

puruṣarṣabha - bull among men, best of men, excellent man

Compound type : tatpurusha (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person; the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull; chief, excellent, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used as an address to the listener, likely Dhritarashtra or Sanjaya.