महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-16, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
अथान्यद्धनुरादाय बलवद्वेगवत्तरम् ।
युधिष्ठिरं मद्रपतिर्विद्ध्वा सिंह इवानदत् ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
athānyaddhanurādāya balavadvegavattaram ,
yudhiṣṭhiraṁ madrapatirviddhvā siṁha ivānadat.

1. sañjaya uvāca atha anyat dhanuḥ ādāya balavadvegavattaram
yudhiṣṭhiram madrapatiḥ viddhvā siṃhaḥ iva anadat

1. sañjaya uvāca atha madrapatiḥ balavadvegavattaram anyat
dhanuḥ ādāya yudhiṣṭhiram viddhvā siṃhaḥ iva anadat

1. Sañjaya said: Then, the king of Madra, taking another bow that was even more powerful and faster, roared like a lion after piercing Yudhiṣṭhira.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereafter

• अन्यत् (anyat) - another, other, different

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow (weapon)

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having seized

• बलवद्वेगवत्तरम् (balavadvegavattaram) - more powerful and swifter

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava brother)

• मद्रपतिः (madrapatiḥ) - Śalya, the maternal uncle of the Pāṇḍavas who fought for the Kauravas (the king of Madra)

• विद्ध्वा (viddhvā) - having pierced, having wounded

• सिंहः (siṁhaḥ) - lion

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अनदत् (anadat) - roared, shouted

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator of the Bhagavad Gītā)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect (Lit) tense, 3rd person singular

Root vac (वच्)

Root: vac (class 2)

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereafter

(indeclinable)

अन्यत् (anyat) - another, other, different

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow (weapon)

(noun)

neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow (weapon), arc, archer's bow

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having seized

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From upasarga ā (आ) + root dā (दा) 'to give, to take'

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

बलवद्वेगवत्तरम् (balavadvegavattaram) - more powerful and swifter

(adjective)

neuter, singular of balavadvegavattara

balavadvegavattara - more powerful and swifter

Compound type : dvandva / tatpuruṣa (balavat+vegavat+tara)

• balavat – powerful, strong
  adjective (masculine)
  From bala (strength) + matup (possessive suffix)
• vegavat – swift, quick, fast
  adjective (masculine)
  From vega (speed) + matup (possessive suffix)
• tara – more, exceedingly (comparative suffix)
  suffix
  Comparative suffix

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava brother)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (lit. 'steady in battle')

मद्रपतिः (madrapatiḥ) - Śalya, the maternal uncle of the Pāṇḍavas who fought for the Kauravas (the king of Madra)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madrapati

madrapati - lord/king of Madra (a country)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madra+pati)

• madra – Madra (name of a country and its people)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, ruler, king
  noun (masculine)

विद्ध्वा (viddhvā) - having pierced, having wounded

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root vyadh (व्यध्) 'to pierce, to strike'

Root: vyadh (class 4)

सिंहः (siṁhaḥ) - lion

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of siṃha

siṁha - lion, a powerful person, a hero

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

अनदत् (anadat) - roared, shouted

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of anad

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular

From upasarga ā (आ) + root nad (नद्) 'to roar'

Prefix: ā

Root: nad (class 1)