महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-16, verse-49

सा तस्य मर्माणि विदार्य शुभ्रमुरो विशालं च तथैव वर्म ।
विवेश गां तोयमिवाप्रसक्ता यशो विशालं नृपतेर्दहन्ती ॥४९॥

49. sā tasya marmāṇi vidārya śubhra;muro viśālaṁ ca tathaiva varma ,
viveśa gāṁ toyamivāprasaktā; yaśo viśālaṁ nṛpaterdahantī.

49. sā tasya marmāṇi vidārya śubhram
uraḥ viśālam ca tathā eva varma
| viveśa gām toyam iva aprasaktā
yaśaḥ viśālam nṛpateḥ dahantī

49. sā aprasaktā tasya marmāṇi śubhram
viśālam uraḥ ca tathā eva
varma vidārya nṛpateḥ viśālam
yaśaḥ dahantī toyam iva gām viveśa

49. That divine weapon (śakti), having pierced his vital spots, his bright, broad chest, and likewise his armor, entered the earth effortlessly like water, burning away the king's great fame.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - that (divine weapon) (she, that)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (Śalya's) (his, of him, of that)

• मर्माणि (marmāṇi) - vital spots (of Śalya's body) (vital spots, vulnerable points)

• विदार्य (vidārya) - having pierced (having torn apart, having split, having pierced)

• शुभ्रम् (śubhram) - bright (chest) (bright, white, pure, beautiful)

• उरः (uraḥ) - chest (chest, breast)

• विशालम् (viśālam) - broad (chest) (broad, wide, extensive, great)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तथा (tathā) - likewise (thus, so, in that manner)

• एव (eva) - likewise (indeed, only, just, even)

• वर्म (varma) - his armor (armor, coat of mail)

• विवेश (viveśa) - entered (the earth) (entered)

• गाम् (gām) - the earth (cow, earth, land)

• तोयम् (toyam) - water

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• अप्रसक्ता (aprasaktā) - effortlessly (unattached, unhindered, effortless)

• यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame (fame, glory, renown)

• विशालम् (viśālam) - great (fame) (broad, wide, extensive, great)

• नृपतेः (nṛpateḥ) - of the king (Śalya) (of the king)

• दहन्ती (dahantī) - burning away (fame) (burning, consuming)

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - that (divine weapon) (she, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the śakti from the previous verse.

तस्य (tasya) - his (Śalya's) (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Śalya.

मर्माणि (marmāṇi) - vital spots (of Śalya's body) (vital spots, vulnerable points)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of marman

marman - a vital spot, vulnerable part of the body, secret, joint

Note: Object of vidārya.

विदार्य (vidārya) - having pierced (having torn apart, having split, having pierced)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root √dṛ (to tear, split) with prefix vi- and suffix -ya (absolutive)

Prefix: vi

Root: dṛ (class 1)

Note: Denotes a preceding action.

शुभ्रम् (śubhram) - bright (chest) (bright, white, pure, beautiful)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śubhra

śubhra - bright, shining, white, pure, beautiful

Note: Qualifies uraḥ.

उरः (uraḥ) - chest (chest, breast)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uras

uras - chest, breast, bosom

Note: Object of vidārya.

विशालम् (viśālam) - broad (chest) (broad, wide, extensive, great)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of viśāla

viśāla - broad, wide, extensive, large, great

Note: Qualifies uraḥ (first instance).

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects uraḥ and varma.

तथा (tathā) - likewise (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes similarity or continuation.

एव (eva) - likewise (indeed, only, just, even)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic, "tathā eva" together means "just so", "likewise".

वर्म (varma) - his armor (armor, coat of mail)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of varman

varman - armor, coat of mail, shield

Note: Object of vidārya.

विवेश (viveśa) - entered (the earth) (entered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of viś

Root √viś (to enter) in the perfect tense

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

गाम् (gām) - the earth (cow, earth, land)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of go

go - cow, earth, land, speech, ray of light

Note: Object of viveśa.

तोयम् (toyam) - water

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of toya

toya - water

Note: Subject in the simile.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates a simile.

अप्रसक्ता (aprasaktā) - effortlessly (unattached, unhindered, effortless)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of aprasakta

aprasakta - unattached, unhindered, free, effortless

Past Passive Participle (with negative prefix)

Derived from root √sañj (to cling, be attached) with prefixes pra- and a- (negative), and suffix -kta (past passive participle).

Compound type : dvandva (a+prasakta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• prasakta – attached, devoted, engaged, connected
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √sañj (to cling, be attached) with prefix pra- and suffix -kta (past passive participle).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sañj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies sā (the śakti).

यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame (fame, glory, renown)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yaśas

yaśas - fame, glory, renown, honor

Note: Object of dahantī.

विशालम् (viśālam) - great (fame) (broad, wide, extensive, great)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of viśāla

viśāla - broad, wide, extensive, large, great

Note: Qualifies yaśaḥ.

नृपतेः (nṛpateḥ) - of the king (Śalya) (of the king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, lord of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive of yaśaḥ.

दहन्ती (dahantī) - burning away (fame) (burning, consuming)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dahat

dahat - burning, consuming

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √dah (to burn) with suffix -śatṛ (present active participle)

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies sā (the śakti), indicating a simultaneous action.