महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-16, verse-51

प्रसार्य बाहू स रथाद्गतो गां संछिन्नवर्मा कुरुनन्दनेन ।
महेन्द्रवाहप्रतिमो महात्मा वज्राहतं शृङ्गमिवाचलस्य ॥५१॥

51. prasārya bāhū sa rathādgato gāṁ; saṁchinnavarmā kurunandanena ,
mahendravāhapratimo mahātmā; vajrāhataṁ śṛṅgamivācalasya.

51. prasārya bāhū saḥ rathāt gataḥ
gām saṃchinnavarmā kurunandanena
| mahendravāhapratimaḥ mahātmā
vajrāhatam śṛṅgam iva acalasya

51. kurunandanena saṃchinnavarmā
saḥ mahendravāhapratimaḥ mahātmā
bāhū prasārya rathāt gām gataḥ
vajrāhatam acalasya śṛṅgam iva

51. His armor having been torn by the Kuru scion (Yudhiṣṭhira), that great-souled hero, who resembled the vehicle of Indra (Airāvata), fell to the earth from his chariot, spreading his arms, like a mountain peak struck by a thunderbolt.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रसार्य (prasārya) - spreading (his arms) (having stretched out, having extended, having spread)

• बाहू (bāhū) - his two arms (two arms)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Śalya) (he, that)

• रथात् (rathāt) - from his chariot (from the chariot)

• गतः (gataḥ) - fallen (to the earth) (gone, fallen, reached)

• गाम् (gām) - the earth (cow, earth, land)

• संछिन्नवर्मा (saṁchinnavarmā) - his armor having been torn (whose armor is torn, with torn armor)

• कुरुनन्दनेन (kurunandanena) - by the Kuru scion (Yudhiṣṭhira) (by the joy of the Kurus, by the son of the Kurus, by the Kuru scion)

• महेन्द्रवाहप्रतिमः (mahendravāhapratimaḥ) - resembling the vehicle of Indra (Airāvata, the elephant) (resembling Indra's vehicle)

• महात्मा (mahātmā) - that great-souled hero (great-souled, noble, magnanimous, great person)

• वज्राहतम् (vajrāhatam) - struck by a thunderbolt

• शृङ्गम् (śṛṅgam) - mountain peak (horn, peak, summit)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• अचलस्य (acalasya) - of the mountain (of the mountain, of the immovable)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रसार्य (prasārya) - spreading (his arms) (having stretched out, having extended, having spread)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root √sṛ (to go, move) with prefix pra- and causative suffix -āpaya, then suffix -ya (absolutive)

Prefix: pra

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Denotes a preceding or simultaneous action.

बाहू (bāhū) - his two arms (two arms)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of bāhu

bāhu - arm

Note: Object of prasārya.

सः (saḥ) - he (Śalya) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Śalya, subject of gataḥ.

रथात् (rathāt) - from his chariot (from the chariot)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Note: Indicates separation from the chariot.

गतः (gataḥ) - fallen (to the earth) (gone, fallen, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, reached, fallen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √gam (to go) with suffix -kta (past passive participle)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Acts as the main verb 'fell'.

गाम् (gām) - the earth (cow, earth, land)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of go

go - cow, earth, land, speech, ray of light

Note: Destination of gataḥ.

संछिन्नवर्मा (saṁchinnavarmā) - his armor having been torn (whose armor is torn, with torn armor)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃchinnavarman

saṁchinnavarman - whose armor is cut or torn asunder

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saṃchinna+varman)

• saṃchinna – cut asunder, torn, pierced
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √chid (to cut, cleave) with prefix sam- and suffix -kta (past passive participle)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: chid (class 7)
• varman – armor, coat of mail
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies saḥ (Śalya).

कुरुनन्दनेन (kurunandanena) - by the Kuru scion (Yudhiṣṭhira) (by the joy of the Kurus, by the son of the Kurus, by the Kuru scion)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kurunandana

kurunandana - joy of the Kurus, a Kuru scion (often refers to Yudhiṣṭhira or Arjuna)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+nandana)

• kuru – Kuru (name of an ancient king and his dynasty), a man of the Kuru dynasty
  proper noun (masculine)
• nandana – son, child, delighting, gladdening
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nand (class 1)

Note: Agent of saṃchinna in saṃchinnavarmā. Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

महेन्द्रवाहप्रतिमः (mahendravāhapratimaḥ) - resembling the vehicle of Indra (Airāvata, the elephant) (resembling Indra's vehicle)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahendravāhapratima

mahendravāhapratima - resembling the vehicle of Mahendra (Indra)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahendra+vāha+pratima)

• mahendra – great Indra, Indra
  proper noun (masculine)
• vāha – vehicle, carrier, horse
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vah (class 1)
• pratima – resembling, like, image, likeness
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies saḥ (Śalya).

महात्मा (mahātmā) - that great-souled hero (great-souled, noble, magnanimous, great person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous, great person

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies saḥ (Śalya).

वज्राहतम् (vajrāhatam) - struck by a thunderbolt

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vajrāhata

vajrāhata - struck by a thunderbolt

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vajra+āhata)

• vajra – thunderbolt (Indra's weapon), diamond
  noun (masculine)
• āhata – struck, smitten, hurt
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √han (to strike, kill) with prefix ā- and suffix -kta (past passive participle)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies śṛṅgam.

शृङ्गम् (śṛṅgam) - mountain peak (horn, peak, summit)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śṛṅga

śṛṅga - horn, peak, summit, top

Note: Object of comparison.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates a simile.

अचलस्य (acalasya) - of the mountain (of the mountain, of the immovable)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of acala

acala - immovable, mountain

Compound type : dvandva (a+cala)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• cala – moving, trembling, unsteady
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: cal (class 1)

Note: Possessive of śṛṅgam.