महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-16, verse-26

अथापरेणास्य जहार यन्तुः कायाच्छिरः संनहनीयमध्यात् ।
जघान चाश्वांश्चतुरः स शीघ्रं तथा भृशं कुपितो भीमसेनः ॥२६॥

26. athāpareṇāsya jahāra yantuḥ; kāyācchiraḥ saṁnahanīyamadhyāt ,
jaghāna cāśvāṁścaturaḥ sa śīghraṁ; tathā bhṛśaṁ kupito bhīmasenaḥ.

26. atha apareṇa asya jahāra yantuḥ
kāyāt śiraḥ sannahanīyamadhyāt
jaghāna ca aśvān caturaḥ saḥ śīghram
tathā bhṛśam kupitaḥ bhīmasenaḥ

26. atha apareṇa asya yantuḥ śiraḥ
kāyāt sannahanīyamadhyāt jahāra ca
tathā bhṛśam kupitaḥ saḥ bhīmasenaḥ
śīghram caturaḥ aśvān jaghāna

26. Then, with another arrow, he (Bhīmasena) severed the charioteer's head from his body, right from the midst of his armor. And that Bhīmasena, greatly enraged, quickly killed the four horses as well.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• अपरेण (apareṇa) - with another (arrow, implied) (with another, by means of another)

• अस्य (asya) - his (referring to Śalya's charioteer) (his, of this)

• जहार (jahāra) - severed, took away (the head) (took away, removed, carried off)

• यन्तुः (yantuḥ) - of Śalya's charioteer (of the charioteer, of the controller)

• कायात् (kāyāt) - from the body

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

• सन्नहनीयमध्यात् (sannahanīyamadhyāt) - from the midst of the armor

• जघान (jaghāna) - killed, struck, smote

• च (ca) - and

• अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

• चतुरः (caturaḥ) - four

• सः (saḥ) - he (Bhīmasena) (he)

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, swiftly

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, intensely, severely

• कुपितः (kupitaḥ) - enraged, angered

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

अपरेण (apareṇa) - with another (arrow, implied) (with another, by means of another)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of apara

apara - other, another, subsequent, inferior

अस्य (asya) - his (referring to Śalya's charioteer) (his, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

जहार (jahāra) - severed, took away (the head) (took away, removed, carried off)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of hṛ

perfect active 3rd singular

Reduplicated perfect form of root hṛ (class 1).

Root: hṛ (class 1)

यन्तुः (yantuḥ) - of Śalya's charioteer (of the charioteer, of the controller)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yantṛ

yantṛ - charioteer, controller, driver, guide

agent noun

From root yam (to control, restrain) with agent suffix -tṛ.

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Possessive, refers to Śalya's charioteer.

कायात् (kāyāt) - from the body

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kāya

kāya - body, mass, collection, whole

From root ci (to heap, collect).

Root: ci (class 5)

शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, top, peak, summit

S-stem neuter noun.

Root: śṝ (class 9)

सन्नहनीयमध्यात् (sannahanīyamadhyāt) - from the midst of the armor

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of sannahanīyamadhya

sannahanīyamadhya - midst of the armor/harness/equipment

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sannahanīya+madhya)

• sannahanīya – armor, harness, accoutrement
  noun (neuter)
  gerundive
  From sam-nah (to tie, bind, equip) with gerundive suffix -anīya.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: nah (class 4)
• madhya – middle, center, midst
  noun/adjective (neuter)

Note: Specifies the location from which the head was removed, intensifying the action.

जघान (jaghāna) - killed, struck, smote

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of han

perfect active 3rd singular

Reduplicated perfect form of root han (class 2).

Root: han (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse, steed

Root: aś (class 5)

चतुरः (caturaḥ) - four

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of catur

catur - four

Note: Agrees with 'aśvān'.

सः (saḥ) - he (Bhīmasena) (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Root: śīghr

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, intensely, severely

(indeclinable)

कुपितः (kupitaḥ) - enraged, angered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kupita

kupita - enraged, angered, wrathful, indignant

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root kup (to be angry, agitated) with suffix -ta.

Root: kup (class 4)

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (the second of the Pāṇḍava brothers, renowned for strength)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bhīma+sena)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable, dreadful
  adjective (masculine)
  From root bhī (to fear).
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• sena – army, host, weapon
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of 'jaghāna'.