महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-16, verse-40

ततस्तु शक्तिं रुचिरोग्रदण्डां मणिप्रवालोज्ज्वलितां प्रदीप्ताम् ।
चिक्षेप वेगात्सुभृशं महात्मा मद्राधिपाय प्रवरः कुरूणाम् ॥४०॥

40. tatastu śaktiṁ rucirogradaṇḍāṁ; maṇipravālojjvalitāṁ pradīptām ,
cikṣepa vegātsubhṛśaṁ mahātmā; madrādhipāya pravaraḥ kurūṇām.

40. tatas tu śaktim rucirōgradaṇḍām
maṇipravālojjvalitām pradīptām
cikṣepa vegāt subhṛśam mahātmā
madrādhipāya pravaraḥ kurūṇām

40. tatas tu mahātmā kurūṇām pravaraḥ
vegāt subhṛśam rucirōgradaṇḍām
maṇipravālojjvalitām
pradīptām śaktim madrādhipāya cikṣepa

40. Then, the great-souled one, the foremost among the Kurus, forcefully and with great speed, hurled the spear (śakti) – which had a beautiful and terrible shaft, blazed with gems and coral, and was intensely radiant – at the king of Madra.

Words meanings summery:

• ततस् (tatas) - from there, then, therefore

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand

• शक्तिम् (śaktim) - the javelin/spear (weapon) (power, capability, spear, javelin)

• रुचिर्ओग्रदण्डाम् (rucirōgradaṇḍām) - having a beautiful and fierce shaft

• मणिप्रवालोज्ज्वलिताम् (maṇipravālojjvalitām) - blazing/shining with jewels and coral

• प्रदीप्ताम् (pradīptām) - blazing, intensely radiant, inflamed

• चिक्षेप (cikṣepa) - hurled, threw, cast

• वेगात् (vegāt) - with speed, forcefully, swiftly

• सुभृशम् (subhṛśam) - exceedingly, very much, greatly

• महात्मा (mahātmā) - (Yudhiṣṭhira) (great-souled, noble-minded, exalted one)

• मद्राधिपाय (madrādhipāya) - (to Śalya, the king of Madra) (to the lord/king of Madra)

• प्रवरः (pravaraḥ) - foremost, excellent, chief

• कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus

Words meanings and morphology

ततस् (tatas) - from there, then, therefore

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

शक्तिम् (śaktim) - the javelin/spear (weapon) (power, capability, spear, javelin)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śakti

śakti - power, ability, faculty, spear, javelin

Root: śak

रुचिर्ओग्रदण्डाम् (rucirōgradaṇḍām) - having a beautiful and fierce shaft

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rucirōgradaṇḍa

rucirōgradaṇḍa - having a beautiful and fierce staff/shaft

Compound type : bahuvrihi (rucira+ugra+daṇḍa)

• rucira – beautiful, brilliant, bright
  adjective (masculine)
• ugra – fierce, terrible, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• daṇḍa – staff, rod, shaft, stick
  noun (masculine)

मणिप्रवालोज्ज्वलिताम् (maṇipravālojjvalitām) - blazing/shining with jewels and coral

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of maṇipravālojjvalita

maṇipravālojjvalita - shining with gems and coral

Past Passive Participle

From maṇi (gem), pravāla (coral), and ujjvalita (shining, past passive participle of uj-jval).

Compound type : tatpurusha (maṇi+pravāla+ujjvalita)

• maṇi – gem, jewel
  noun (masculine)
• pravāla – coral, new shoot
  noun (masculine)
• ujjvalita – shining, blazing, splendid
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root jval- ('to burn, blaze') with the prefix ut- and intensive prefix u-.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: jval (class 1)

प्रदीप्ताम् (pradīptām) - blazing, intensely radiant, inflamed

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pradīpta

pradīpta - blazing, shining, kindled, inflamed

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root dīp- ('to shine') with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: dīp

चिक्षेप (cikṣepa) - hurled, threw, cast

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of kṣip

Root: kṣip (class 6)

वेगात् (vegāt) - with speed, forcefully, swiftly

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, force, impulse

सुभृशम् (subhṛśam) - exceedingly, very much, greatly

(indeclinable)

महात्मा (mahātmā) - (Yudhiṣṭhira) (great-souled, noble-minded, exalted one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, exalted person

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

मद्राधिपाय (madrādhipāya) - (to Śalya, the king of Madra) (to the lord/king of Madra)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of madrādhipa

madrādhipa - lord/ruler of Madra

Compound type : tatpurusha (madra+adhipa)

• madra – Madra (name of a country and its people)
  proper noun (neuter)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, chief
  noun (masculine)

प्रवरः (pravaraḥ) - foremost, excellent, chief

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pravara

pravara - excellent, chief, foremost, best

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛ

कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - Kuru (name of an ancient tribe and kingdom)