महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-16, verse-7

तं भीमसेनश्च शिनेश्च नप्ता माद्र्याश्च पुत्रौ पुरुषप्रवीरौ ।
समागतं भीमबलेन राज्ञा पर्यापुरन्योन्यमथाह्वयन्तः ॥७॥

7. taṁ bhīmasenaśca śineśca naptā; mādryāśca putrau puruṣapravīrau ,
samāgataṁ bhīmabalena rājñā; paryāpuranyonyamathāhvayantaḥ.

7. tam bhīmasenaḥ ca śineḥ ca naptā
mādryāḥ ca putrau puruṣapravīrau
samāgatam bhīmabalena rājñā
paryāpuḥ anyonyam atha āhvayantaḥ

7. atha bhīmasenaḥ ca śineḥ naptā
ca mādryāḥ putrau puruṣapravīrau
ca bhīmabalena rājñā samāgatam
tam āhvayantaḥ anyonyam paryāpuḥ

7. Then, Bhīmasena, the grandson of Śini (Sātyaki), and the two foremost among men, the sons of Mādrī (Nakula and Sahadeva), surrounded him (the enemy warrior) – who had joined forces with King Bhīmabala – all the while challenging each other.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - the enemy warrior mentioned in previous verses (him, that)

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena

• च (ca) - and

• शिनेः (śineḥ) - of Śini

• च (ca) - and

• नप्ता (naptā) - Sātyaki, grandson of Śini (grandson)

• माद्र्याः (mādryāḥ) - of Mādrī

• च (ca) - and

• पुत्रौ (putrau) - Nakula and Sahadeva (two sons)

• पुरुषप्रवीरौ (puruṣapravīrau) - referring to Nakula and Sahadeva (two foremost among men)

• समागतम् (samāgatam) - him who had come together (with King Bhīmabala) (having come together, united, met)

• भीमबलेन (bhīmabalena) - by King Bhīmabala (a specific king allied with the enemy) (by Bhīmabala)

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

• पर्यापुः (paryāpuḥ) - they surrounded, they encompassed

• अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, mutually

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• आह्वयन्तः (āhvayantaḥ) - calling out, challenging

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - the enemy warrior mentioned in previous verses (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, him

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (one of the Pāṇḍava brothers)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

शिनेः (śineḥ) - of Śini

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śini

śini - Śini (ancestor of Sātyaki)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

नप्ता (naptā) - Sātyaki, grandson of Śini (grandson)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of napṭṛ

napṭṛ - grandson

माद्र्याः (mādryāḥ) - of Mādrī

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of mādrī

mādrī - Mādrī (mother of Nakula and Sahadeva, wife of Pāṇḍu)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पुत्रौ (putrau) - Nakula and Sahadeva (two sons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of putra

putra - son

पुरुषप्रवीरौ (puruṣapravīrau) - referring to Nakula and Sahadeva (two foremost among men)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of puruṣapravīra

puruṣapravīra - foremost man, chief among men, excellent warrior

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+pravīra)

• puruṣa – man, person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• pravīra – foremost, excellent, heroic
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'putrau'

समागतम् (samāgatam) - him who had come together (with King Bhīmabala) (having come together, united, met)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samāgata

samāgata - come together, met, united

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam (to go) with prefixes sam and ā

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tam'

भीमबलेन (bhīmabalena) - by King Bhīmabala (a specific king allied with the enemy) (by Bhīmabala)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīmabala

bhīmabala - Bhīmabala (proper name of a king); one with terrible strength

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

पर्यापुः (paryāpuḥ) - they surrounded, they encompassed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of āp

Perfect Active

Reduplicated Perfect, 3rd person plural

Prefix: pari

Root: āp (class 5)

अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, mutually

(indeclinable)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

आह्वयन्तः (āhvayantaḥ) - calling out, challenging

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āhvayat

āhvayat - calling out, challenging, invoking

Present Active Participle

Derived from root hve (to call) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: hve (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the plural subjects (Bhīmasena, Sātyaki, Nakula, Sahadeva)