महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-86, verse-74

तथा पत्तिरथौघाश्च हयाश्च बहवो रणे ।
रथिभिर्निहता राजंस्तव तेषां च संकुले ॥७४॥

74. tathā pattirathaughāśca hayāśca bahavo raṇe ,
rathibhirnihatā rājaṁstava teṣāṁ ca saṁkule.

74. tathā pattirathaughāḥ ca hayāḥ ca bahavaḥ raṇe
rathibhiḥ nihatāḥ rājan tava teṣām ca saṃkule

74. rājan tathā tava teṣām ca saṃkule raṇe
pattirathaughāḥ ca bahavaḥ hayāḥ ca rathibhiḥ nihatāḥ

74. Thus, O King, in that chaotic battle between your forces and theirs, vast numbers of infantry, chariots, and many horses were slain by the charioteers.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus (thus, so, in that manner)

• पत्तिरथौघाः (pattirathaughāḥ) - vast numbers of infantry and chariots (multitudes of infantry and chariots)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• हयाः (hayāḥ) - horses

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (many, numerous)

• रणे (raṇe) - in the battle (in battle, in conflict)

• रथिभिः (rathibhiḥ) - by the charioteers (by charioteers)

• निहताः (nihatāḥ) - slain (killed, slain, struck down)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• तव (tava) - your (forces) (your, of you)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - their (forces, i.e., the Pāṇḍavas') (of them, their)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• संकुले (saṁkule) - in the tumultuous conflict (in the confusion, in the tumult, in the crowd)

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

पत्तिरथौघाः (pattirathaughāḥ) - vast numbers of infantry and chariots (multitudes of infantry and chariots)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pattirathaugha

pattirathaugha - multitude of foot-soldiers and chariots

Compound type : dvandva (patti+ratha+ogha)

• patti – foot-soldier, infantry
  noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)
• ogha – flood, current, multitude, mass
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of implied verb 'were slain'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

हयाः (hayāḥ) - horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

Root: hi (class 5)

Note: Subject of implied verb 'were slain'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (many, numerous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

Note: Adjective modifying 'hayāḥ'.

रणे (raṇe) - in the battle (in battle, in conflict)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, conflict

Root: raṇ (class 1)

रथिभिः (rathibhiḥ) - by the charioteers (by charioteers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior in a chariot

Derived from ratha (chariot) + in (possessive suffix)

निहताः (nihatāḥ) - slain (killed, slain, struck down)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - killed, struck down, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill) with upasarga ni

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

तव (tava) - your (forces) (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

तेषाम् (teṣām) - their (forces, i.e., the Pāṇḍavas') (of them, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

संकुले (saṁkule) - in the tumultuous conflict (in the confusion, in the tumult, in the crowd)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saṃkula

saṁkula - confused, crowded, tumultuous, thick with

Root: kul (class 1)

Note: Refers to the chaotic nature of the battle.