महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-86, verse-51

तमापतन्तं संप्रेक्ष्य राक्षसः सुमहाबलः ।
त्वरमाणस्ततो मायां प्रयोक्तुमुपचक्रमे ॥५१॥

51. tamāpatantaṁ saṁprekṣya rākṣasaḥ sumahābalaḥ ,
tvaramāṇastato māyāṁ prayoktumupacakrame.

51. tam āpatantam samprekṣya rākṣasaḥ sumahābalaḥ
tvaramāṇaḥ tataḥ māyām prayoktum upacakrame

51. sumahābalaḥ rākṣasaḥ tam āpatantam samprekṣya
tvaramāṇaḥ tataḥ māyām prayoktum upacakrame

51. When the extremely powerful demon (rākṣasa) saw him approaching, he quickly began to employ an illusion (māyā).

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - approaching, falling upon

• सम्प्रेक्ष्य (samprekṣya) - having seen, perceiving

• राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - demon

• सुमहाबलः (sumahābalaḥ) - extremely powerful, very mighty

• त्वरमाणः (tvaramāṇaḥ) - hurrying, hastening

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• मायाम् (māyām) - an illusion, trick, magical power

• प्रयोक्तुम् (prayoktum) - to employ, to use, to cast

• उपचक्रमे (upacakrame) - began, started

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - approaching, falling upon

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āpatant

āpatant - approaching, falling upon

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'pat' with upasarga 'ā', present tense active participle suffix '-śatṛ'.

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

सम्प्रेक्ष्य (samprekṣya) - having seen, perceiving

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'īkṣ' (to see) with upasargas 'sam' and 'pra', and '-lyaP' suffix for absolutive when prefixed.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - demon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - a demon, a rākṣasa

सुमहाबलः (sumahābalaḥ) - extremely powerful, very mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahābala

sumahābala - extremely powerful, very mighty

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (su+mahā+bala)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

त्वरमाणः (tvaramāṇaḥ) - hurrying, hastening

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvaramāṇa

tvaramāṇa - hurrying, hastening

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root 'tvar' (to hasten) with '-śānac' suffix for present middle participle.

Root: tvar (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

मायाम् (māyām) - an illusion, trick, magical power

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of māyā

māyā - illusion, trick, magical power (māyā)

प्रयोक्तुम् (prayoktum) - to employ, to use, to cast

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Derived from root 'yuj' (to join, to employ) with upasarga 'pra' and infinitive suffix '-tumun'.

Prefix: pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

उपचक्रमे (upacakrame) - began, started

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (Lit) of upakram

Perfect tense

Root 'kram' (to step) with upasarga 'upa', perfect tense (Lit), 3rd person singular, middle voice.

Prefix: upa

Root: kram (class 1)