महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-70, verse-85

भगवानुवाच ।
जानाम्येतां महाराज धार्तराष्ट्रस्य पापताम् ।
अवाच्यास्तु भविष्यामः सर्वलोके महीक्षिताम् ॥८५॥

85. bhagavānuvāca ,
jānāmyetāṁ mahārāja dhārtarāṣṭrasya pāpatām ,
avācyāstu bhaviṣyāmaḥ sarvaloke mahīkṣitām.

85. bhagavān uvāca jānāmi etām mahārāja dhārtarāṣṭrasya
pāpatām avācyāḥ tu bhaviṣyāmaḥ sarvaloke mahīkṣitām

85. The Blessed One (Bhagavān) said: "O great king, I know this sinfulness of Duryodhana. But we would become blameworthy among all people, among all rulers."

Words meanings summery:

• भगवान् (bhagavān) - The Blessed One (Krishna, or an epithet for a divine being/sage) (Blessed One, Lord, worshipful one)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• जानामि (jānāmi) - I know

• एताम् (etām) - this (feminine, accusative)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - great king

• धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son, of Duryodhana

• पापताम् (pāpatām) - sinfulness, wickedness, evil nature

• अवाच्याः (avācyāḥ) - unspeakable, blameworthy, to be reproached

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

• भविष्यामः (bhaviṣyāmaḥ) - we will be, we will become

• सर्वलोके (sarvaloke) - in all the world, among all people

• महीक्षिताम् (mahīkṣitām) - among kings, of kings

Words meanings and morphology

भगवान् (bhagavān) - The Blessed One (Krishna, or an epithet for a divine being/sage) (Blessed One, Lord, worshipful one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - blessed, fortunate, divine, worshipful, Lord

From bhaga (fortune, prosperity) + vat (possessive suffix).

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense form of root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

जानामि (jānāmi) - I know

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jñā

Present tense, 9th class verb.

Root: jñā (class 9)

एताम् (etām) - this (feminine, accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Refers to pāpatām.

महाराज (mahārāja) - great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Karmadhāraya compound: mahān rājā.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+rājan)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (neuter)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāṃj (class 1)

Note: Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son, of Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Duryodhana (or any of the Kauravas)

From Dhṛtarāṣṭra + aṇ (taddhita suffix).

Note: Qualifies pāpatām.

पापताम् (pāpatām) - sinfulness, wickedness, evil nature

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pāpatā

pāpatā - sinfulness, wickedness, evil nature

From pāpa (sinful) + tā (abstract noun suffix).

Note: Object of jānāmi.

अवाच्याः (avācyāḥ) - unspeakable, blameworthy, to be reproached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of avācya

avācya - unspeakable, not to be spoken, blameworthy, improper

Gerundive (kṛtya)

From root vac (to speak) with prefix a- (negation) and suffix -ya (kṛtya/gerundive).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vācya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• vācya – to be spoken, expressible, proper to be said
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  From root vac (to speak) with suffix -ya (kṛtya/gerundive).
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective for vayam (we).

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

भविष्यामः (bhaviṣyāmaḥ) - we will be, we will become

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of bhū

Future tense form.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: The implied subject is 'vayam' (we, referring to the Pāṇḍavas and Krishna).

सर्वलोके (sarvaloke) - in all the world, among all people

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sarvaloka

sarvaloka - all the world, all people

Compound: sarva + loka.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+loka)

• sarva – all, every
  adjective (masculine)
• loka – world, people, realm
  noun (masculine)
  Root: lok (class 10)

Note: Indicates the sphere of public opinion.

महीक्षिताम् (mahīkṣitām) - among kings, of kings

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mahīkṣit

mahīkṣit - king, ruler (literally 'earth-dweller' or 'earth-ruler')

Compound: mahī (earth) + kṣit (ruler/dweller, from kṣi).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (mahī+kṣit)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• kṣit – ruler, dweller
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root kṣi (to rule, to dwell).
  Root: kṣi (class 5)

Note: Indicates the group among whom they would be blameworthy.