महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-70, verse-70

प्रतिघातेन सान्त्वस्य दारुणं संप्रवर्तते ।
तच्छुनामिव गोपादे पण्डितैरुपलक्षितम् ॥७०॥

70. pratighātena sāntvasya dāruṇaṁ saṁpravartate ,
tacchunāmiva gopāde paṇḍitairupalakṣitam.

70. pratighātena sāntvasya dāruṇam saṃpravartate
tat śunām iva gopāde paṇḍitaiḥ upalakṣitam

70. When conciliation (sāntva) is met with resistance, a dreadful conflict ensues. The wise (paṇḍita) have observed this to be like dogs fighting over a piece of meat (go-āda).

Words meanings summery:

• प्रतिघातेन (pratighātena) - by rejection (by resistance, by striking back, by rejection)

• सान्त्वस्य (sāntvasya) - of conciliation, of appeasement

• दारुणम् (dāruṇam) - dreadful (conflict/action) (terrible, dreadful, fierce, cruel)

• संप्रवर्तते (saṁpravartate) - ensues (it proceeds, it ensues, it begins)

• तत् (tat) - that (dreadful conflict) (that, it)

• शुनाम् (śunām) - of dogs

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• गोपादे (gopāde) - over a piece of meat (in a cow's share, in a piece of meat)

• पण्डितैः (paṇḍitaiḥ) - by the wise, by scholars

• उपलक्षितम् (upalakṣitam) - observed (observed, perceived, noticed)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रतिघातेन (pratighātena) - by rejection (by resistance, by striking back, by rejection)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pratighāta

pratighāta - resistance, striking back, repelling, rejection, counter-attack

Derived from prati-√han (to strike against, repel) with suffix -a.

Prefix: prati

Root: han (class 2)

सान्त्वस्य (sāntvasya) - of conciliation, of appeasement

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of sāntva

sāntva - conciliation, appeasement, gentle words

Derived from root sāntv (to console, appease) with suffix -a.

Root: sāntv (class 10)

दारुणम् (dāruṇam) - dreadful (conflict/action) (terrible, dreadful, fierce, cruel)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dāruṇa

dāruṇa - terrible, dreadful, fierce, cruel, harsh

Note: Qualifies an implied 'yuddham' (conflict) or 'karma' (action).

संप्रवर्तते (saṁpravartate) - ensues (it proceeds, it ensues, it begins)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of saṃ-pra-vṛt

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: The verb is from the root 'vṛt' with prefixes 'sam-' and 'pra-'.

तत् (tat) - that (dreadful conflict) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शुनाम् (śunām) - of dogs

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śvan

śvan - dog

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

गोपादे (gopāde) - over a piece of meat (in a cow's share, in a piece of meat)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of gopāda

gopāda - cow's footmark; a measure; a part or share of a cow, a piece of meat

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (go+pāda)

• go – cow, ox, cattle; speech, earth, ray; meat
  noun (feminine)
• pāda – foot, leg; quarter, portion, share
  noun (masculine)

पण्डितैः (paṇḍitaiḥ) - by the wise, by scholars

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of paṇḍita

paṇḍita - wise, learned, scholar, pundit

उपलक्षितम् (upalakṣitam) - observed (observed, perceived, noticed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upalakṣita

upalakṣita - observed, perceived, noticed, marked

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of upa-√lakṣ (to observe, perceive).

Prefix: upa

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'tat'.