महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-70, verse-16

पञ्च नस्तात दीयन्तां ग्रामा वा नगराणि वा ।
वसेम सहिता येषु मा च नो भरता नशन् ॥१६॥

16. pañca nastāta dīyantāṁ grāmā vā nagarāṇi vā ,
vasema sahitā yeṣu mā ca no bharatā naśan.

16. pañca naḥ tāta dīyantām grāmāḥ vā nagarāṇi vā
vasema sahitāḥ yeṣu mā ca naḥ bharatāḥ naśan

16. O dear father, let five villages or cities be given to us, in which we may dwell united, and let not our Bharatas perish.

Words meanings summery:

• पञ्च (pañca) - five (villages or cities) (five)

• नः (naḥ) - to us (to us, our)

• तात (tāta) - O dear father (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O father, O dear one)

• दीयन्ताम् (dīyantām) - let them (the five villages/cities) be given (let them be given)

• ग्रामाः (grāmāḥ) - villages

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• नगराणि (nagarāṇi) - cities, towns

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• वसेम (vasema) - we may dwell, we should dwell

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - united (united, accompanied by, together)

• येषु (yeṣu) - in which (villages or cities) (in which, among whom)

• मा (mā) - do not (not, do not (prohibitive particle))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• नः (naḥ) - our (Bharatas) (our, to us)

• भरताः (bharatāḥ) - the Bharata lineage (including Kauravas and Pandavas) (Bharatas (descendants of Bharata))

• नशन् (naśan) - perish (perish, be destroyed)

Words meanings and morphology

पञ्च (pañca) - five (villages or cities) (five)

(numeral)

नः (naḥ) - to us (to us, our)

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

तात (tāta) - O dear father (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O father, O dear one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one (a term of endearment, often used by a child to a parent or by an elder to a junior)

दीयन्ताम् (dīyantām) - let them (the five villages/cities) be given (let them be given)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, imperative (loṭ) of dā

passive imperative

from root dā (3rd class), imperative mood, 3rd person plural, passive voice (ātmanepada form of the root)

Root: dā (class 3)

ग्रामाः (grāmāḥ) - villages

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of grāma

grāma - village, community, collection of houses

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

नगराणि (nagarāṇi) - cities, towns

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of nagara

nagara - city, town

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

वसेम (vasema) - we may dwell, we should dwell

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vas

optative mood

from root vas (1st class), optative mood, 1st person plural, active voice

Root: vas (class 1)

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - united (united, accompanied by, together)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied, connected with, united, joined

past passive participle

from prefix sa- (with) and root dhā (to place), literally 'placed together'

Prefix: sa

Root: dhā (class 3)

येषु (yeṣu) - in which (villages or cities) (in which, among whom)

(pronoun)

Locative, plural of yat

yat - which, who, what (relative pronoun)

मा (mā) - do not (not, do not (prohibitive particle))

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

नः (naḥ) - our (Bharatas) (our, to us)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

भरताः (bharatāḥ) - the Bharata lineage (including Kauravas and Pandavas) (Bharatas (descendants of Bharata))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bharata

bharata - descendant of Bharata; an ancient king; a name for India or its inhabitants

नशन् (naśan) - perish (perish, be destroyed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, injunctive (luṅ) of naś

injunctive mood

from root naś (4th class), injunctive mood, 3rd person plural, active voice (aorist form used as injunctive)

Root: naś (class 4)