महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-70, verse-20

अस्वतो हि निवर्तन्ते ज्ञातयः सुहृदर्त्विजः ।
अपुष्पादफलाद्वृक्षाद्यथा तात पतत्रिणः ॥२०॥

20. asvato hi nivartante jñātayaḥ suhṛdartvijaḥ ,
apuṣpādaphalādvṛkṣādyathā tāta patatriṇaḥ.

20. asvataḥ hi nivartante jñātayaḥ suhṛdaḥ ṛtvijaḥ
apuṣpāt aphalāt vṛkṣāt yathā tāta patatriṇaḥ

20. Indeed, dear one, relatives, friends, and priests turn away from a person who lacks possessions, just as birds abandon a tree that bears neither flowers nor fruit.

Words meanings summery:

• अस्वतः (asvataḥ) - from one without possessions, from a poor person

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

• निवर्तन्ते (nivartante) - they turn away, they retreat, they cease

• ज्ञातयः (jñātayaḥ) - relatives, kinsmen, family members

• सुहृदः (suhṛdaḥ) - friends, well-wishers

• ऋत्विजः (ṛtvijaḥ) - priests, particularly those officiating a sacrifice

• अपुष्पात् (apuṣpāt) - from a flowerless tree (from a flowerless (thing))

• अफलात् (aphalāt) - from a fruitless tree (from a fruitless (thing))

• वृक्षात् (vṛkṣāt) - from a tree

• यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, according to)

• तात (tāta) - dear one (addressing a younger person or disciple) (dear one, father, son, friend (term of endearment))

• पतत्रिणः (patatriṇaḥ) - birds, winged creatures

Words meanings and morphology

अस्वतः (asvataḥ) - from one without possessions, from a poor person

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of asvat

asvat - one without possessions, poor, destitute

Derived from 'asva' (without wealth) with 'matup' or similar possessive sense

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sva)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• sva – one's own, wealth, property
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used substantively to mean "from a person without possessions."

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle

निवर्तन्ते (nivartante) - they turn away, they retreat, they cease

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of nivṛt

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: (ātmanepada)

ज्ञातयः (jñātayaḥ) - relatives, kinsmen, family members

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jñāti

jñāti - relative, kinsman, family member

Root: jñā

सुहृदः (suhṛdaḥ) - friends, well-wishers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, well-wisher, good-hearted

Compound: su (good) + hṛd (heart)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+hṛd)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix meaning 'good'
• hṛd – heart, mind
  noun (neuter)

Note: Nominative plural of suhṛd.

ऋत्विजः (ṛtvijaḥ) - priests, particularly those officiating a sacrifice

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛtvij

ṛtvij - priest, sacrificial priest

अपुष्पात् (apuṣpāt) - from a flowerless tree (from a flowerless (thing))

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of apuṣpa

apuṣpa - flowerless, without flowers

Compound: a (not) + puṣpa (flower)

Compound type : nañ-bahuvrīhi (a+puṣpa)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• puṣpa – flower, blossom
  noun (neuter)

Note: It modifies 'vṛkṣāt'.

अफलात् (aphalāt) - from a fruitless tree (from a fruitless (thing))

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of aphala

aphala - fruitless, without fruit, unsuccessful

Compound: a (not) + phala (fruit)

Compound type : nañ-bahuvrīhi (a+phala)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• phala – fruit, result, reward
  noun (neuter)

Note: It modifies 'vṛkṣāt'.

वृक्षात् (vṛkṣāt) - from a tree

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of vṛkṣa

vṛkṣa - tree

यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, according to)

(indeclinable)

तात (tāta) - dear one (addressing a younger person or disciple) (dear one, father, son, friend (term of endearment))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, son, dear one (term of endearment)

पतत्रिणः (patatriṇaḥ) - birds, winged creatures

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of patatrin

patatrin - bird, winged creature

From root 'pat' (to fly) + suffix 'atrin'

Root: pat