महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-70, verse-23

धनमाहुः परं धर्मं धने सर्वं प्रतिष्ठितम् ।
जीवन्ति धनिनो लोके मृता ये त्वधना नराः ॥२३॥

23. dhanamāhuḥ paraṁ dharmaṁ dhane sarvaṁ pratiṣṭhitam ,
jīvanti dhanino loke mṛtā ye tvadhanā narāḥ.

23. dhanam āhuḥ param dharmam dhane sarvam pratiṣṭhitam
jīvanti dhaninaḥ loke mṛtāḥ ye tu adhanāḥ narāḥ

23. People declare wealth to be the supreme natural law (dharma), for everything is established in wealth. The wealthy live in this world, while those without wealth are considered dead.

Words meanings summery:

• धनम् (dhanam) - wealth (wealth, riches, property)

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they declare (they say, they call, they declare)

• परम् (param) - supreme (supreme, highest, greatest, excellent)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution, characteristic quality)

• धने (dhane) - in wealth (in wealth, in riches)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything (all, everything, the whole)

• प्रतिष्ठितम् (pratiṣṭhitam) - is established (established, founded, fixed, resting on)

• जीवन्ति (jīvanti) - they live (they live, they exist)

• धनिनः (dhaninaḥ) - wealthy people (wealthy people, rich persons)

• लोके (loke) - in this world (in the world, in the realm, among people)

• मृताः (mṛtāḥ) - are considered dead (dead, deceased)

• ये (ye) - those who (who, which, those who)

• तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• अधनाः (adhanāḥ) - without wealth (poor, without wealth)

• नराः (narāḥ) - people (men, people, human beings)

Words meanings and morphology

धनम् (dhanam) - wealth (wealth, riches, property)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhana

dhana - wealth, riches, property, money

Root: dhā (class 3)

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they declare (they say, they call, they declare)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of ah

Root 'ah' (defective) used in certain present tense forms.

Root: ah (class 2)

परम् (param) - supreme (supreme, highest, greatest, excellent)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of para

para - other, distant, subsequent, supreme, highest

Note: Agrees with 'dharmam'.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution, characteristic quality)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - duty, righteousness, virtue, natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature

From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

धने (dhane) - in wealth (in wealth, in riches)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dhana

dhana - wealth, riches, property, money

Root: dhā (class 3)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything (all, everything, the whole)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Acts as a noun here.

प्रतिष्ठितम् (pratiṣṭhitam) - is established (established, founded, fixed, resting on)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pratiṣṭhita

pratiṣṭhita - established, founded, fixed, resting on, celebrated

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefix 'prati'

Prefix: prati

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sarvam'. Implies 'is established'.

जीवन्ति (jīvanti) - they live (they live, they exist)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of jīv

Root: jīv (class 1)

धनिनः (dhaninaḥ) - wealthy people (wealthy people, rich persons)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhanin

dhanin - wealthy, rich, possessing wealth

Suffix -in added to dhana

लोके (loke) - in this world (in the world, in the realm, among people)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people, mankind

Root: lok (class 1)

मृताः (mṛtāḥ) - are considered dead (dead, deceased)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased, passed away

Past Passive Participle

From root 'mṛ' (to die)

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'narāḥ'.

ये (ye) - those who (who, which, those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun

तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

अधनाः (adhanāḥ) - without wealth (poor, without wealth)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of adhana

adhana - poor, without wealth

Negative compound 'a' + 'dhana'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+dhana)

• a – not, un-, without
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• dhana – wealth, riches, property, money
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'narāḥ'.

नराः (narāḥ) - people (men, people, human beings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, person, human being