महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-149, verse-34

यमाह कृष्णो दाशार्हः सोऽस्तु नो वाहिनीपतिः ।
कृतास्त्रो ह्यकृतास्त्रो वा वृद्धो वा यदि वा युवा ॥३४॥

34. yamāha kṛṣṇo dāśārhaḥ so'stu no vāhinīpatiḥ ,
kṛtāstro hyakṛtāstro vā vṛddho vā yadi vā yuvā.

34. yam āha kṛṣṇaḥ dāśārhaḥ saḥ astu naḥ vāhinīpatiḥ
kṛta_astraḥ hi akṛta_astraḥ vā vṛddhaḥ vā yadi vā yuvā

34. yam kṛṣṇaḥ dāśārhaḥ āha,
saḥ naḥ vāhinīpatiḥ astu.
hi kṛta_astraḥ vā akṛta_astraḥ vā,
vṛddhaḥ vā yadi vā yuvā (astv iti yojyam).

34. Let him whom Krishna (dāśārha) declares be our commander of the army, whether he is skilled in arms or not, whether old or young.

Words meanings summery:

• यम् (yam) - whom

• आह (āha) - said, declares

• कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Krishna

• दाशार्हः (dāśārhaḥ) - Krishna (as an epithet) (a descendant of Dasharha)

• सः (saḥ) - he

• अस्तु (astu) - let him be

• नः (naḥ) - our, to us

• वाहिनीपतिः (vāhinīpatiḥ) - commander of the army

• कृत_अस्त्रः (kṛta_astraḥ) - one who has mastered weapons, skilled in arms

• हि (hi) - indeed, for

• अकृत_अस्त्रः (akṛta_astraḥ) - one who has not mastered weapons, unskilled in arms

• वा (vā) - or

• वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old, aged

• वा (vā) - or

• यदि (yadi) - if

• वा (vā) - or

• युवा (yuvā) - young

Words meanings and morphology

यम् (yam) - whom

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun

आह (āha) - said, declares

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of ah

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular (irregular)

Root: ah (class 2)

कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Krishna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Krishna (name of a deity/character), black, dark

दाशार्हः (dāśārhaḥ) - Krishna (as an epithet) (a descendant of Dasharha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dāśārha

dāśārha - descendant of Dasharha, belonging to the Dasharha family; an epithet of Krishna

Taddhita derivation from Dasharha

Note: Agrees with Krishna.

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun referring to 'yam'.

अस्तु (astu) - let him be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of as

Imperative mood, 3rd person singular

Root: as (class 2)

नः (naḥ) - our, to us

(pronoun)

plural of asmad

asmad - we, us

वाहिनीपतिः (vāhinīpatiḥ) - commander of the army

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāhinīpati

vāhinīpati - commander of an army, general

Compound type : tatpurusha (vāhinī+pati)

• vāhinī – army, host
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, chief
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'saḥ'.

कृत_अस्त्रः (kṛta_astraḥ) - one who has mastered weapons, skilled in arms

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtāstra

kṛtāstra - one who has mastered weapons, skilled in arms

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kṛta+astra)

• kṛta – done, made, accomplished, mastered
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the commander.

हि (hi) - indeed, for

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an emphasizing or causal particle.

अकृत_अस्त्रः (akṛta_astraḥ) - one who has not mastered weapons, unskilled in arms

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akṛtāstra

akṛtāstra - one who has not mastered weapons, unskilled in arms

Compound type : nañ-bahuvrihi (a+kṛta+astra)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• kṛta – done, made, accomplished, mastered
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the commander.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old, aged

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, augmented

Past Passive Participle

From √vṛdh (to grow, increase)

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Refers to the commander.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with 'vā' to form 'whether... or...'

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

युवा (yuvā) - young

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuvan

yuvan - young, youthful, youth

Note: Refers to the commander.