महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-149, verse-42

कृतार्थं मन्यते बालः सोऽऽत्मानमविचक्षणः ।
धार्तराष्ट्रो बलस्थं च मन्यतेऽऽत्मानमातुरः ॥४२॥

42. kṛtārthaṁ manyate bālaḥ so''tmānamavicakṣaṇaḥ ,
dhārtarāṣṭro balasthaṁ ca manyate''tmānamāturaḥ.

42. kṛtārtham manyate bālaḥ saḥ ātmānam avicakṣaṇaḥ
dhārtarāṣṭraḥ balastham ca manyate ātmānam āturaḥ

42. saḥ avicakṣaṇaḥ bālaḥ ātmānam kṛtārtham manyate.
ca āturaḥ dhārtarāṣṭraḥ ātmānam balastham manyate.

42. That undiscerning fool considers himself (ātman) to have achieved his purpose, and the distressed son of Dhritarashtra considers himself (ātman) to be strong.

Words meanings summery:

• कृतार्थम् (kṛtārtham) - one who has accomplished his purpose, successful

• मन्यते (manyate) - he thinks, he considers

• बालः (bālaḥ) - Here, 'fool' or 'naive person' due to lack of discernment. (child, ignorant person, fool)

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to the 'bālaḥ avicakṣaṇaḥ' (the undiscerning fool). (he, that)

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - himself, the self (ātman)

• अविचक्षणः (avicakṣaṇaḥ) - undiscerning, unwise, lacking foresight

• धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - Refers to Duryodhana or one of his brothers. (Dhritarashtra's son, a Kaurava)

• बलस्थम् (balastham) - strong, situated in strength

• च (ca) - and, also

• मन्यते (manyate) - he thinks, he considers

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - himself, the self (ātman)

• आतुरः (āturaḥ) - distressed, afflicted, sick, weak

Words meanings and morphology

कृतार्थम् (kṛtārtham) - one who has accomplished his purpose, successful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛtārtha

kṛtārtha - one who has achieved his aim/purpose, successful, fulfilled

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+artha)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root 'kṛ' (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'ātmānam'.

मन्यते (manyate) - he thinks, he considers

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of man

Present, Middle Voice

Third person singular present middle voice of root 'man' (to think).

Root: man (class 4)

बालः (bālaḥ) - Here, 'fool' or 'naive person' due to lack of discernment. (child, ignorant person, fool)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bāla

bāla - child, young, ignorant, fool

Note: Subject of 'manyate'.

सः (saḥ) - Refers to the 'bālaḥ avicakṣaṇaḥ' (the undiscerning fool). (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Coreferential with 'bālaḥ'.

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - himself, the self (ātman)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essential nature, consciousness

Note: Object of 'manyate'.

अविचक्षणः (avicakṣaṇaḥ) - undiscerning, unwise, lacking foresight

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avicakṣaṇa

avicakṣaṇa - undiscerning, unwise, unobservant, imprudent

Prefix 'a' (negation) + 'vicakṣaṇa' (discerning).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vicakṣaṇa)

• a – not, un- (negation)
  indeclinable
• vicakṣaṇa – discerning, clever, intelligent, wise
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from verb 'vi-cakṣ'
  Derived from the root 'cakṣ' with prefix 'vi'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: cakṣ (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'bālaḥ' and 'saḥ'.

धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - Refers to Duryodhana or one of his brothers. (Dhritarashtra's son, a Kaurava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhritarashtra, a Kaurava

Taddhita derivation from Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

Note: Subject of the second 'manyate'.

बलस्थम् (balastham) - strong, situated in strength

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of balastha

balastha - strong, powerful, being in strength/power

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bala+stha)

• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, situated, being in
  adjective
  suffix from root sthā
  From root 'sthā' (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'ātmānam'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two clauses.

मन्यते (manyate) - he thinks, he considers

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of man

Present, Middle Voice

Third person singular present middle voice of root 'man' (to think).

Root: man (class 4)

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - himself, the self (ātman)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essential nature, consciousness

Note: Object of 'manyate'.

आतुरः (āturaḥ) - distressed, afflicted, sick, weak

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātura

ātura - distressed, sick, afflicted, weak, suffering

Note: Qualifies 'dhārtarāṣṭraḥ'.