योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-54, verse-82

कामो धर्मार्थयोः सारः कामसाराः सुयोषितः ।
वसन्त इव मञ्जर्यः स्वर्ग एव भवन्ति ताः ॥ ८२ ॥

kāmo dharmārthayoḥ sāraḥ kāmasārāḥ suyoṣitaḥ ,
vasanta iva mañjaryaḥ svarga eva bhavanti tāḥ 82

82. kāmaḥ dharmārthayoḥ sāraḥ kāmasārāḥ suyōṣitaḥ
vasantaḥ iva mañjaryaḥ svargaḥ eva bhavanti tāḥ

82. kāmaḥ dharmārthayoḥ sāraḥ (asti).
suyōṣitaḥ kāmasārāḥ (santi).
tāḥ vasantaḥ iva mañjaryaḥ (ca) svargaḥ eva bhavanti.

82. Desire (kāma) is the essence of righteous conduct (dharma) and material prosperity (artha). Virtuous women, whose very essence is love (kāma), are like blossoms in spring, and they themselves become heaven.

Words meanings summery:

• कामः (kāmaḥ) - desire, love, wish, pleasure

• धर्मार्थयोः (dharmārthayoḥ) - of dharma and artha (righteousness and material prosperity)

• सारः (sāraḥ) - essence, core, strength

• कामसाराः (kāmasārāḥ) - whose essence is desire/love

• सुय्ओषितः (suyōṣitaḥ) - good women, virtuous women

• वसन्तः (vasantaḥ) - spring

• इव (iva) - like, as

• मञ्जर्यः (mañjaryaḥ) - blossoms, flower clusters

• स्वर्गः (svargaḥ) - heaven, paradise

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they are, they become

• ताः (tāḥ) - Refers to the suyōṣitaḥ. (those (feminine plural))

Words meanings and morphology

कामः (kāmaḥ) - desire, love, wish, pleasure

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāma

kāma - desire, love, wish, pleasure; a deity of love

From root kam (to desire).

Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Subject of the first clause.

धर्मार्थयोः (dharmārthayoḥ) - of dharma and artha (righteousness and material prosperity)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of dharmārtha

dharmārtha - righteousness and wealth/purpose

A dvandva compound of dharma and artha.

Compound type : dvandva (dharma+artha)

• dharma – righteous conduct, duty, law, constitution, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, material prosperity
  noun (masculine)

Note: Denotes the two aspects (dharma and artha) of which kāma is the essence.

सारः (sāraḥ) - essence, core, strength

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sāra

sāra - essence, extract, core, strength, best part

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for kāma.

कामसाराः (kāmasārāḥ) - whose essence is desire/love

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kāmasāra

kāmasāra - whose essence is desire/love

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kāma+sāra)

• kāma – desire, love
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• sāra – essence, core
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies suyōṣitaḥ.

सुय्ओषितः (suyōṣitaḥ) - good women, virtuous women

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of suyōṣit

suyōṣit - good woman, beautiful woman

From su (good) + yōṣit (woman).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+yoṣit)

• su – good, excellent
  indeclinable
• yoṣit – woman
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

वसन्तः (vasantaḥ) - spring

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vasanta

vasanta - spring (season)

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Part of the simile, 'like spring'.

इव (iva) - like, as

(indeclinable)

मञ्जर्यः (mañjaryaḥ) - blossoms, flower clusters

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of mañjarī

mañjarī - cluster of blossoms, sprout, shoot

Note: Part of the simile, 'like blossoms'.

स्वर्गः (svargaḥ) - heaven, paradise

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, paradise, abode of the gods

Root: svṛj

Note: Predicate nominative for tāḥ.

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Emphasizes svarga.

भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they are, they become

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present active indicative, 3rd person plural.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the second clause.

ताः (tāḥ) - Refers to the suyōṣitaḥ. (those (feminine plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject for bhavanti.

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