योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-54, verse-19

क्रमाद्गगनमध्यस्थाश्चन्द्रमण्डलतां ययुः ।
धूमा गगनकोशस्थाः शीतलाम्बुदतामिव ॥ १९ ॥

kramādgaganamadhyasthāścandramaṇḍalatāṃ yayuḥ ,
dhūmā gaganakośasthāḥ śītalāmbudatāmiva 19

19. kramāt gaganamadhyasthāḥ candramaṇḍalatām
yayuḥ dhūmāḥ gaganakośasthāḥ śītalāmbudatām iva

19. kramāt gaganamadhyasthāḥ yayuḥ candramaṇḍalatām
iva dhūmāḥ gaganakośasthāḥ śītalāmbudatām

19. Gradually, those (vital breaths) situated in the midst of space attained the state of a lunar orb, just as smoke residing within the atmospheric sheath transforms into cool clouds.

Words meanings summery:

• क्रमात् (kramāt) - gradually (gradually, in due course, from the process)

• गगनमध्यस्थाः (gaganamadhyasthāḥ) - those (breaths) situated in the expanse of the subtle space (those situated in the middle of the sky/space)

• चन्द्रमण्डलताम् (candramaṇḍalatām) - the nature of the moon's orb (the state of being a lunar orb, the condition of the moon's disc)

• ययुः (yayuḥ) - they attained (they went, they attained, they reached)

• धूमाः (dhūmāḥ) - smoke (smokes, vapors)

• गगनकोशस्थाः (gaganakośasthāḥ) - residing within the atmospheric sheath (those situated in the sheath of the sky/space)

• शीतलाम्बुदताम् (śītalāmbudatām) - transforms into cool clouds (literally "the state of cool-cloud-ness") (the state of being a cool cloud)

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

Words meanings and morphology

क्रमात् (kramāt) - gradually (gradually, in due course, from the process)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of krama

krama - step, sequence, order, method, stage, process

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'gradually'.

गगनमध्यस्थाः (gaganamadhyasthāḥ) - those (breaths) situated in the expanse of the subtle space (those situated in the middle of the sky/space)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gaganamadhyastha

gaganamadhyastha - situated in the middle of the sky/space

Compound of gagana (sky) + madhya (middle) + stha (standing, situated from root sthā).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gagana+madhya+stha)

• gagana – sky, atmosphere, space, ether
  noun (neuter)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• madhya – middle, midst, center
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, situated, residing
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Refers to the prāṇa from the previous verse.

चन्द्रमण्डलताम् (candramaṇḍalatām) - the nature of the moon's orb (the state of being a lunar orb, the condition of the moon's disc)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of candramaṇḍalatā

candramaṇḍalatā - state of being a lunar orb/sphere

Compound of candra (moon) + maṇḍala (orb, disc) + -tā (feminine noun forming suffix for abstract quality).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (candra+maṇḍala+tā)

• candra – moon, lunar
  noun (masculine)
  Root: cand (class 1)
• maṇḍala – orb, disc, circle, sphere
  noun (neuter)
• tā – state, condition, quality (suffix)
  suffix (feminine)
  Feminine suffix forming abstract nouns.

Note: Object of yayuḥ.

ययुः (yayuḥ) - they attained (they went, they attained, they reached)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: From root yā (to go). Same as īyuḥ from previous verse, perfect tense.

धूमाः (dhūmāḥ) - smoke (smokes, vapors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhūma

dhūma - smoke, vapor, mist

Note: Subject of the simile.

गगनकोशस्थाः (gaganakośasthāḥ) - residing within the atmospheric sheath (those situated in the sheath of the sky/space)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gaganakośastha

gaganakośastha - situated in the sheath of the sky/space, residing in the atmospheric layer

Compound of gagana (sky) + kośa (sheath, layer) + stha (standing, situated).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gagana+kośa+stha)

• gagana – sky, atmosphere, space, ether
  noun (neuter)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• kośa – sheath, layer, treasury, cell
  noun (masculine)
• stha – standing, situated, residing
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with dhūmāḥ.

शीतलाम्बुदताम् (śītalāmbudatām) - transforms into cool clouds (literally "the state of cool-cloud-ness") (the state of being a cool cloud)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śītalāmbudatā

śītalāmbudatā - the state or condition of being a cool cloud

Compound of śītala (cool) + ambuda (cloud, water-giver) + -tā (feminine noun forming suffix for abstract quality).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śītala+ambuda+tā)

• śītala – cool, cold
  adjective (masculine)
• ambuda – cloud (lit. water-giver)
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of ambu (water) + da (giver).
  Root: dā (class 3)
• tā – state, condition, quality (suffix)
  suffix (feminine)
  Feminine suffix forming abstract nouns.

Note: Implied object of yayuḥ (or similar verb for 'become').

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates a simile.