वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-57, verse-73

विप्रेक्षमाणः सुग्रीवो ददर्श हरिवाहिनीम् ।
नरान्तकभयत्रस्तां विद्रवन्तीमितस्ततः ॥७३॥

73. viprekṣamāṇaḥ sugrīvo dadarśa harivāhinīm ,
narāntakabhayatrastāṃ vidravantīmitastataḥ.

73. viprekṣamāṇaḥ sugrīvaḥ dadarśa harivāhinīm
narāntakabhayatrastām vidravantīm itas tataḥ

73. sugrīvaḥ viprekṣamāṇaḥ harivāhinīm
narāntakabhayatrastām vidravantīm itas tataḥ dadarśa

73. Sugriva, observing carefully, saw the monkey army, terrified by Narantaka, fleeing here and there.

Words meanings summery:

• विप्रेक्षमाणः (viprekṣamāṇaḥ) - observing, looking carefully, scrutinizing

• सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugriva

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw, beheld

• हरिवाहिनीम् (harivāhinīm) - the monkey army

• नरान्तकभयत्रस्ताम् (narāntakabhayatrastām) - terrified by Narantaka / terrified by fear of Narantaka

• विद्रवन्तीम् (vidravantīm) - fleeing, running away

• इतस् (itas) - from here, hither

• ततः (tataḥ) - from there, thither, then

Words meanings and morphology

विप्रेक्षमाणः (viprekṣamāṇaḥ) - observing, looking carefully, scrutinizing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viprekṣamāṇa

viprekṣamāṇa - observing, looking carefully, contemplating

Present Middle Participle

Derived from √īkṣ (to see, look) with prefixes vi-pra- and śānac affix.

Prefixes: vi+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'Sugrīvaḥ'.

सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - Sugriva

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugriva (name of the monkey king)

Compound of su (good, beautiful) and grīvā (neck) - "beautiful-necked".

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+grīvā)

• su – good, well, beautiful
  indeclinable
  Prefix/adverb.
• grīvā – neck
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of 'dadarśa'.

ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw, beheld

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of √dṛś

Perfect Active

Root from dṛś (to see), reduplicated.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Verb for 'Sugrīvaḥ'.

हरिवाहिनीम् (harivāhinīm) - the monkey army

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of harivāhinī

harivāhinī - monkey army, host of monkeys

Compound of hari (monkey) and vāhinī (army).

Compound type : tatpurusha (hari+vāhinī)

• hari – monkey, tawny
  noun (masculine)
• vāhinī – army, host, river
  noun (feminine)
  From √vah (to carry, lead).
  Root: vah (class 1)

नरान्तकभयत्रस्ताम् (narāntakabhayatrastām) - terrified by Narantaka / terrified by fear of Narantaka

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of narāntakabhayatrastā

narāntakabhayatrastā - terrified by fear of Narantaka

Tatpurusha compound: Narantakasya bhayam (fear of Narantaka), tena trastā (terrified by that).

Compound type : tatpurusha (narāntaka+bhaya+trasta)

• narāntaka – Narantaka (a demon, son of Ravana)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Compound of nara (man) and antaka (ender, destroyer) - 'ender of men'.
• bhaya – fear, terror, dread
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• trasta – terrified, frightened, alarmed
  participle (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √tras (to tremble, be afraid).
  Root: tras (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'harivāhinīm'.

विद्रवन्तीम् (vidravantīm) - fleeing, running away

(participle)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vidravant

vidravant - fleeing, running away, dispersing

Present Active Participle

Derived from √dru (to run) with prefix vi-, and śatṛ affix (feminine form).

Prefix: vi

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'harivāhinīm'.

इतस् (itas) - from here, hither

(indeclinable)

Adverb from idam (this).

Note: Part of the adverbial phrase 'itas tataḥ'.

ततः (tataḥ) - from there, thither, then

(indeclinable)

Adverb from tad (that).

Note: Part of the adverbial phrase 'itas tataḥ'.