वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-57, verse-2

एवमेव महावीर्यो हतो नस्तात मध्यमः ।
न तु सत्पुरुषा राजन् विलपन्ति यथा भवान् ॥२॥

2. evameva mahāvīryo hato nastāta madhyamaḥ ,
na tu satpuruṣā rājan vilapanti yathā bhavān.

2. evam eva mahāvīryaḥ hataḥ naḥ tāta madhyamaḥ
na tu satpuruṣāḥ rājan vilapanti yathā bhavān

2. tāta evam eva naḥ mahāvīryaḥ madhyamaḥ hataḥ
na tu rājan satpuruṣāḥ yathā bhavān vilapanti

2. Our middle (brother), the great hero, has indeed been killed in this very manner, my father. But noble persons, O king, do not lament as you do.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly (emphatic particle)

• महावीर्यः (mahāvīryaḥ) - great hero, great valorous one, of great power

• हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain

• नः (naḥ) - our (our, to us, by us)

• तात (tāta) - my father (used respectfully by Triśiras to Rāvaṇa) (father, dear one (term of endearment))

• मध्यमः (madhyamaḥ) - middle brother (Kumbhakarṇa) (middle (one), intermediate)

• न (na) - not

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

• सत्पुरुषाः (satpuruṣāḥ) - noble persons, virtuous men

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• विलपन्ति (vilapanti) - they lament, they grieve

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (respectful)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies the manner of killing.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes `evam`.

महावीर्यः (mahāvīryaḥ) - great hero, great valorous one, of great power

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāvīrya

mahāvīrya - of great valor, great hero, powerful

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+vīrya)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• vīrya – heroism, valor, power
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vīr (class 10)

Note: Qualifies `madhyamaḥ`.

हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

from han

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective for `madhyamaḥ`.

नः (naḥ) - our (our, to us, by us)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of vayam

vayam - we

Note: Possessive, referring to "our middle brother".

तात (tāta) - my father (used respectfully by Triśiras to Rāvaṇa) (father, dear one (term of endearment))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear sir, child (term of endearment)

Note: An address to Rāvaṇa.

मध्यमः (madhyamaḥ) - middle brother (Kumbhakarṇa) (middle (one), intermediate)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madhyama

madhyama - middle, central, intermediate

Root: mad

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates `vilapanti`.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects two contrasting ideas.

सत्पुरुषाः (satpuruṣāḥ) - noble persons, virtuous men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of satpuruṣa

satpuruṣa - good man, virtuous person, noble person

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sat+puruṣa)

• sat – good, true, existing
  adjective
  Present Active Participle
  from as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)
• puruṣa – man, person, male, human being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of `vilapanti`.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: An address to Rāvaṇa.

विलपन्ति (vilapanti) - they lament, they grieve

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vilap

Present Active Third Person Plural

From root 'lap' with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: lap (class 1)

Note: Main verb for `satpuruṣāḥ`.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a comparison.

भवान् (bhavān) - you (respectful)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (respectful term), being

Present Active Participle (masc. Nom. Sg.)

from bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to Rāvaṇa.